Infection Control Regulations and Precautions

Which organization established the Bloodborne Pathogens Standard

• CDC

• OSHA

• Congress

• Health and Human Services

Requires employers to develop written exposure control plan, train employees about the regulations, provide PPE, provide hepatitis B vaccine at no cost, and enforce rules for eating, drinking, apply cosmetics in patient care areas:

• Standard Precautions developed by the CDC

• Bloodborne Pathogen Standard developed by OSHA

• Needlestick Safety Act passed by Congress

Rules developed to prevent the spread of infection. Provide general guidance on handwashing, gloves, PPE, sharps, spills and splashes, gowns, and masks.

• Standard Precautions developed by the CDC

• Bloodborne Pathogen Standard developed by OSHA

• Needlestick Safety Act passed by Congress

Requires employers to identify and use safer medical devices, solicit input from employees in selecting devices, and maintain a sharps injury log.

• Standard Precautions developed by the CDC

• Bloodborne Pathogen Standard developed by OSHA

• Needlestick Safety Act passed by Congress

Match the following

• used on all patients

• Transmission Based Precautions

• exists when the outbreak of disease occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a large group

• Epidemic

• caused by a pathogenic organism that can be easily transmitted to others

• Communicable Disease

• occurs when disease spreads rapidly from person to person and affects a large number of people

• Pandemic

• method or technique of caring for patients who have communicable diseases

• Standard Precautions

Match the following

• free of both pathogenic and non-pathogenic organisms

• Clean

• dirty, means that objects contain disease-producing organisms

• Contaminated

• objects do not contain disease-producing organisms and have minimal chance of spread

• Sterile

Match the following

• Requires a separate room to handle PPE, a second employee to supervise PPE donning/doffing

• Droplet Precautions

• protects the patient, not the employee

• Ebola Precautions

• typical surgical masks must be worn when entering the room.

• Contact Precautions

• Each person who enters must wear respiratory protection of an N95, or more powerful mask

• Airborne Precautions

• Gowns and gloves must be worn in the room

• Reverse Isolation

What makes an organism ideal for use in bioterrorism?

• Inexpensive and readily available or easy to produce

• Spread through the air by winds or ventilation systems and inhaled into the lungs of potential victims, or spread by ingesting contaminated food or water

• Survives sunlight, drying, and heat

• Difficult to prevent or has no effective treatment

• All of these

Match the following characteristics with the organism used for bioterrorism.

• used because it had been eradicated so vaccines were no longer given

• plague

• an infectious disease usually transmitted by the bites of fleas, no vaccine

• botulism

• nerve toxin produced by a bacteria, treated with an antitoxin

• anthrax

• used because its spores are hard to destroy, but a vaccine is available

• smallpox