203 Learning (Ch. 6)

Pavlov trained a dog to salivate in response to a tone by repeatedly sounding a tuning fork before placing food in the dog's mouth. The tone became a(n) __________, and the salivation to the sound of the tone became a(n) __________.

• Conditioned response; conditioned stimulus

• Conditioned stimulus; conditioned response

• Conditioned stimulus; unconditioned response

• Unconditioned response; unconditioned stimulus

Geraldine had an automobile accident at the corner of 32nd Street and Cherry Avenue. Whenever she approaches the intersection now, she begins to feel uncomfortable; her heart begins to beat faster, she gets butterflies in her stomach, and her palms become sweaty. What is unconditioned stimulus?

• The accident

• The corner of 32nd Street and Cherry Avenue

• Feeling uncomfortable

• Butterflies in her stomach

Art goes to a meeting in New Orleans and tries some oysters at the oyster bar. He likes the taste and eats quite a few. Soon he becomes very ill with an upset stomach. Now, he feels nauseous any time he walks by that restaurant. What is the unconditioned stimulus?

• Bad Oysters

• Nausea

• The Restaurant

Art goes to a meeting in New Orleans and tries some oysters at the oyster bar. He likes the taste and eats quite a few. Soon he becomes very ill with an upset stomach. Now, he feels nauseous any time he walks by that restaurant. What is the conditioned response?

• Bad Oysters

• Nausea

• The Restaurant

While watching the neighbor’s 2-year old, the sweet toddler starts screaming. You want him to stop, so you pick him up. Your behavior is an example of:

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Positive Punishment

• Negative Punishment

Losing $1,000 in scholarships for each F on a transcript is an example of:

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Positive Punishment

• Negative Punishment

 

In ______, organisms learn the association between two stimuli. In _____, organisms learn the association between a behavior and a consequence.

• operant conditioning; classical conditioning

• classical conditioning; operant conditioning

• classical conditioning; observational learning

• observational learning; classical conditioning

________ argues that learning is more than observable behavior, and that learning can happen even if it's not obvious at first.

• Cognitive Learning Theory

• Observational Learning

• Classical Conditioning

• Operant Conditioning

Getting paid for each basket of apples you gather represents which schedule of reinforcement?

• Variable ratio

• Fixed ratio

• Variable interval

• Fixed interval

Your cousin gets $1 for every A on her report card in junior high. This is an example of _________.

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Positive Punishment

• Negative Punishment