Chapter 15 - Post-Reconstruction Era: Institutionalism of Racism

Select all of the factors that enabled racism to become institutionalized in the United States following the end of the Reconstruction Era.

• Several Southern States passed "Jim Crow" laws

• The former Confederate states were divided into five military districts

• The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the "separate but equal" doctrine in their Plessy v. Ferguson decision

• Many Southern states required a poll tax for some people to vote

• The rise of the KKK ensured that only certain people would register to vote

What was the name given to laws that made it illegal in the Southern states for African Americans to hold public office, travel freely, or to serve on a jury?

What was a primary reason for the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment (1868) ?

• to punish the South for their secession from the Union

• to uphold the legality of the Black Codes

• to guarantee citizenship rights to the newly freed slaves

• to allow former Confederate officials to hold public office

In the Post-Reconstruction era after 1877, racial segregation became institutionalized in the South primarily as a result of the

• decline of the KKK

• activities of the carpetbaggers and scalawags

• passage of the Jim Crow laws in Southern states

• stationing of federal troops in the South

Which statement most accurately portrays the policy of the U.S. government toward Native Americans after the Civil War?

• Native Americans must be encouraged to retain their customs

• Native Americans need to move from tribal lands to reservations

• Settlers need to be educated about the Native American culture

• Management of Native American Indian affairs should shift to the states

How were many African Americans in the South affected by Jim Crow laws?

• They guaranteed African Americans social equality

• They helped African Americans become Southern farm owners

• They placed major restrictions on the rights of African Americans

• They provided employment opportunities to African Americans

In the post-Reconstruction era, which economic changes were encouraged in the "New South"

• free land and public education for African Americans

• return to small family farms and introduction of slavery

• industrial development and agricultural diversification

• elimination of sharecropping and tenant farming

Jim Crow laws and the decision of the U.S. Supreme Court in Plessy v. Ferguson were similar in that both were designed to

• increase African American participation in Southern state government

• force Southern leaders to provide high paying jobs to African Americans

• encourage African Americans to obtain a college education

• limit African American rights and liberties in the South

Which statement best describes the status of African Americans in the South in the post-Reconstruction era?

• Most African Americans held factory jobs in urban areas.

• African Americans were able to take advantage of free college education.

• African Americans found that gaining equal rights was very difficult.

• Political rights in the South were guaranteed to African Americans.

Which development was a result of the other three?

• The introduction of the sharecropping system

• Many Southern states passed Jim Crow laws.

• Racism in the South became institutionalized.

• African Americans had to pay a poll tax to vote