EM Spectrum & CMB

Evidence that the universe is expanding is best provided by the

• red shift in the light from distant galaxies

• change in the swing direction of a Foucault pendulum on Earth

• parallelism of Earth's axis in orbit

• spiral shape of the Milky Way Galaxy

Answer explanation

Since most galaxies are moving away, the light is shifted toward longer, lower energy wavelengths

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The major evidence supporting the "Big Bang" theory is

•  observations that most galaxies are rotating

• observations that the Doppler red shift becomes greater as we look at more distant galaxies

•  the discovery of black holes.

• observations of supernova explosions.

Answer explanation

Objects moving away from us show red shift

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

In a Doppler red shift, the observed wavelengths of light from distant celestial objects appear closer to the red end of the spectrum than light from similar nearby celestial objects.

The explanation for the red shift is that the universe is presently

•  contracting, only

• expanding, only

• remaining constant in size

• alternating between contracting and expanding

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The diagram below illustrates three stages of a current theory of the formation of the universe.

A major piece of scientific evidence supporting this theory is the fact that wavelengths of light from galaxies moving away from Earth in stage 3 are observed to be

• shorter than normal

  (a red shift)

•  

  shorter than normal

  (a blue shift)

   

• longer than normal

  (a red shift)

• longer than normal

  (a blue shift)

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

Cosmic background (CMB) radiation provides direct evidence for the origin of

• the universe

• our solar system

• Earth's ozone layer

• Earth's earliest atmosphere

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Which information best supports the inference that the universe began with an explosion?

• measurements of rates of decay using carbon-14

• measurements of cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation

• calculations of the distance from the Sun to each asteroid in the asteroid belt

• calculations of the temperature and luminosity of stars

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

The diagram in the picture represents the spectral lines from the light of an element in a laboratory on Earth.

Which diagram below best represents the pattern of spectral lines from the same element when it was observed by Edwin Hubble in the light of one of the distant galaxies?

• 
• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

Which graph best shows the relationship of the size of the universe to the temperature indicated by the cosmic microwave background radiation?

• 
• 
• 

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation is classified as a form of electromagnetic energy because it

• travels in waves through space

•  moves faster than the speed of light

•  is visible to humans

• moves due to particle collisions

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS4-1

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

The current temperature indicated by the cosmic microwave background radiation is

• higher than the temperature at which water boils

• between the temperature at which water boils and room temperature

• between room temperature and the temperature at which water freezes

• lower than the temperature at which water freezes

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4