W8D1-Task 2C

2. Paragraph II: “They also have a larger front section of the brain compared with most birds,” says Kacelnik. “This brain structure is similar to a human brain, and it is the area which is responsible for human intelligence and problem-solving.” 2.____________, he also says, “we are not sure why crows developed such large brains, or what aspects of environment would have caused such brain growth.”

3. Paragraph III: So, we know crows are intelligent, but if we are going to compare them to children, we should consider what a human child can do. Could a crow learn to read? Kacelnik answers that “you certainly could teach a crow to respond to symbols, e.g. shapes and colours. But if you call ‘reading’ understanding words and having grammar, this has not been shown.” 3.____________ they are highly intelligent animals, crows can remember symbols and learn to react differently to them, but understanding writing is too difficult for these birds.

4. Paragraph III: It is possible that they could recognize a few words with a lot of training, but it would be more like learning that touching a circle symbol instead of the square results in food as a reward, 4.____________ the kind of reading comprehension we humans do.

5. Paragraph IV: 5.____________ to basic word recognition, crows have shown they also have simple number skills. All animals, crows included, need to be able to do very simple maths, such as probability, to find things like food and water.

6. Paragraph IV: All animals, crows included, need to be able to do very simple maths, such as probability, to find things like food and water. 6.____________, if a place has water, that water will probably be in the same place next time they need it. All animals need to have this skill.

7. Paragraph VI: Moreover, these skills are often based on the particular environment or needs that an animal faces. 7.____________, comparing crow intelligence to human intelligence is unrealistic.