Intro - Unit 6

a section of DNA that carries the information on how to make one protein

• gene

• chromosome

• chromatid

• nucleotide

the type of molecule that makes up DNA and RNA; contains a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

• nucleotide

• nitrogenous base

• carbohydrate

• phosphate

the process of copying a strand of DNA

• DNA replication

• DNA polymerase

• Transcription

• Translation

information is transferred from DNA to RNA to proteins, but once the information is in the form of a protein, the transfer cannot be reversed

• Central Dogma of Molecular Biology

• Anticodon

• DNA law

• Protein synthesis

a sequence of three nucleotide bases that represents the code for one amino acid

• codon

• triplets

• anticodon

• phosphates

a type of RNA that transfers the code from DNA in the nucleus to the cytoplasm

• mRNA

• tRNA

• rRNA

• RNA polymerase

the process occurring in the nucleus of a cell that copies the instructions from a part of DNA onto a strand of messenger RNA

• transcription

• replication

• translation

• oxygenation

the process occurring in the cytoplasm of a cell that builds proteins

• translation

• replication

• transcription

• oxygenation

A mutation caused when a chromosome or a part of a chromosome is duplicated, deleted, or attached incorrectly

• chromosomal mutation

• point mutation

• gene mutation

• frameshift mutation

A gene mutation that occurs when a single nucleotide is added or deleted and causes a shift in how the codons are read

• frameshift mutation

• point mutation

• gene mutation

• chromosomal mutation