Molecular Biology EOC Review 2022

What type of organic molecules are enzymes?

• carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acid

• Proteins

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What are the subunits of DNA and their function?

• nucleotides that store information

• monosaccharides that provide quick energy for the cell

• lipids that store energy and provide insulation

• proteins that provide the building blocks for the structural components of organisms

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How does the amount of energy resulting from fermentation compare with that of aerobic respiration?

• Aerobic respiration results in less energy

• Aerobic respiration results in more energy

• Each process results in equal amounts of energy

• Each process results in variable amounts of energy

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Which type of molecule do whales use for energy storage and insulation?

• DNA

• Glucose

• Fat

• Starch

Which most directly controls the rate at which food is broken down to release energy?

• Enzymes

• Hormones

• Nucleic Acids

• Vitamins

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If energy is needed to move materials into or out of a cell, what is most likely occurring?

• Active Transport

• Passive Transport

• Osmosis

• Diffusion

Which factor most affects the order of amino acids in a protein?

• the DNA located in the nucleus of the cell

• the cell in which the protein is located

• the amount of ATP available for the cell’s use

• the area in a cell where proteins are produced

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Which statement best compares aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

• Less ATP is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration

• More water is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration

• More oxygen is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration.

• Less lactic acid is generated during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration

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Which would be the best evidence that a cell is using active transport to move a substance across its cell membrane?

• Substances are moving rapidly across the cell membrane

• ATP is being rapidly consumed near the cellular membrane

• Substances are moving from high to low concentrations.

• Substances are moving through channels in the cell membrane.

Waxes create a waterproof layer on the outside of some living organisms. To which group of organic molecules do waxes belong?

• Carbohydrates

• Lipids

• Nucleic Acids

• Proteins