Earthquakes

The rating system that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake is called the

• Richter scale.

• moment magnitude scale.

• Mercalli scale.

• mechanical seismograph scale

The type of seismic waves that arrive at the surface first and move by compressing and expanding the ground like an accordion are called

• Mercalli waves.

• S waves.

• Surface waves.

• P waves.

The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and triggers an earthquake is called the

• syncline.

• epicenter.

• footwall.

• focus.

A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level is called a

• syncline

• canyon.

• plateau.

• fault.

A fold in rock that bends upward into an arch is called a(n)

• anticline.

• plateau.

• syncline.

• canyon.

Which type of stress force produces reverse faults?

• shearing

• compression

• tension

• deformation

In a strike-slip fault, the rocks on either side of the fault slip past each other sideways with little

• shaking.

• noise.

• .movement.

• up-or-down motion.

In a normal fault, the part of the fault that lies below the other part is called the

• footwall.

• hanging wall.

• reverse fault.

• anticline.

Which of the following can cause damage days or months after a large earthquake?

• convection

• a tsunami

• the arrival of surface waves

• an aftershock

Stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions is a

• shearing

• deformation.

• compression.

• tension.