Environmental Change

___ are the first organisms to colonize an area and begin the process of ecological succession.

• foundational organisms

• intermediate species

• primary organisms

• pioneer species

What is the main difference between primary and secondary ecological succession?

• Primary begins WITHOUT soil; Secondary begins WITH soil

• Primary is the first state and secondary is the second stage

• Primary builds plant community; secondary builds animal community.

• Primary begins WITH soil; Secondary begins WITHOUT soil

What is the term that describes a steady and stable community?

• peak community

• turf community

• climax community

• disturbed community

Which of the following is NOT a pioneer species?

• Shrubs

• Lichen

• Mosses

• Fungi

Which is faster: Primary or Secondary Succession?

• Primary Succession

• Secondary Succession

• Both Take The Same Amount of Time

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

• primary succession
• ecological succession
• secondary succession
• intermediate

The picture shows what type of succession?

• primary
• secondary
• tertiary
• quadanary

What is the order of succession shown in this figure?

• A, B, C, D
• B, A, D, C
• C, D, A, B
• D, A, B, C

What are examples of pioneer species in a primary succession?

• Bushes and Shrubs
• Oak trees
• Mossess and Lichens 
• A rose Bush

Final illustration (#8) shows

• pioneer species
• climax community
• only biotic factors
• only abiotic factors