Ecology Review

Animals that feed exclusively on plants are known as

• carnivores

• herbivores

• omnivores

• producers

The interaction of a community with its environment forms:

• a habitat

• an ecosystem

• a population

• a food pyramid

In addition to sunlight, producers, and consumers, which factor would need to be added to make a stable ecosystem?

• predators

• prey

• decomposers

• herbivores

Which statement concerning an ecosystem is correct?

• It involves interactions between biotic and abiotic factors.

• It must contain consumers but can exist without producers.

• It can exist with or without a constant-source of energy input.

• It can exist on land, but it cannot exist in lakes, rivers, or oceans.

Eggs of a wasp species are deposited inside the body of a gypsy moth caterpillar. The wasp eggs hatch into larvae, which feed on the caterpillar. The relationship that exists between the wasp larvae and the caterpillar is known as:

• mutualism

• parasitism

• commensalism

• amensalism

Leeches often attach to the tongue of a crocodile and feed on the crocodile’s blood. The Egyptian plover is a bird that flies into the mouth of the crocodile and eats the leeches. The crocodiles do not harm the plover. What term describes the relationship between the plover and the crocodile?

• commensalism

• mutualism

• parasitism

• prey-predator

Which factor promotes competition between organisms in an ecosystem?

• limited resources

• decomposition of organic matter

• cycling of minerals

• presence of parasites

Which substance is NOT cycled by the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration?

• carbon

• ATP

• nitrogen

• oxygen

During photosynthesis producers convert carbon dioxide and other materials to

• lipids

• amino acids

• nucleic acids

• sugars

Which of these cell structures is the site of photosynthesis?

• nuclei

• chloroplast

• mitochondria

• ribosomes