Module 6 Lesson 1

Psychologists define learning as the process of

• responding to external stimuli.

• adapting to the environment.

• rewarding behavioral responses.

• acquiring, through experience, new information or relatively enduring behaviors.

If a sea slug repeatedly receives an electric shock just after being squirted with water, its protective withdrawal response to a squirt of water grows stronger. This best illustrates

• spontaneous recovery.

• associative learning.

• observational learning.

• operant conditioning.

A stimulus is any event or situation that

• triggers imitation.

• signals a reward.

• elicits operant behavior.

• evokes a response.

Jordan is frightened by the sound of a train whistle. The sound is a(n)

• unconditioned response.v

• generalization.

• acquisition.

• stimulus.

In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits no response before conditioning is called a(n)

• unconditioned stimulus.

• primary stimulus.

• neutral stimulus.

• secondary stimulus.

Before Pavlov conditioned a dog to salivate in response to a tone, the tone was a(n)

• conditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned stimulus.

• partial conditioner.

• neutral stimulus.

In Pavlov's experiments, the taste of food triggered the dog's salivation. Salivation to the taste of food was a(n)

• conditioned response.

• unconditioned response.

• unconditioned stimulus.

• conditioned stimulus.

In Pavlov's experiments, the sound of the tone triggered the dog's salivation. Salivation to the sound of a tone was a(n)

• conditioned response.

• unconditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned response.

• conditioned stimulus.

Three-year-old Jonathan saw fireworks that were repeatedly followed by loud, fear-producing explosive sounds. The mere sight of fireworks first began to trigger a learned fear reaction in Jonathan during the process of

• spontaneous recovery.

• extinction.

• discrimination.

• acquisition.

In classical conditioning, generalization refers to the tendency for the conditioned response to be evoked by stimuli that are similar to the

• unconditioned stimulus.

• respondent behavior.

• conditioned stimulus.

• unconditioned response.