DNA and Genetics

Which of the following best describes transcription?

• DNA is copied

• An RNA template is used to make proteins

• A DNA template is used to make proteins

• A DNA template is used to make RNA

How does the process of translation express genes?

• mRNA is translated to make lipids

• mRNA is translated to make carbohydrates

• amino acids are packaged together in the nucleus

• amino acids are packaged together to make proteins

Which of the following best describes the process of translation?

• DNA is replicated inside of the nucleus

• Amino acid chains are built using encoded mRNA

• DNA is converted into mRNA

• Amino acid chains are built using encoded DNA

What occurs if DNA is not copied correctly?

• Nothing

• Transcription happens again to correct the mistake

• a mutation may occur

• The organism dies

What process uses tRNA?

• Translation

• DNA Replication

• Transcription

• Transformation

What is the purpose of tRNA?

• carries genetic information to the chloroplast

• carries amino acids to the sight of protein synthesis

• carries amino acids to the nucleus

• carries genetic information to the mitochondria

When DNA is replicated nucleotides are added as DNA copies are produced. How are the nucleotides added?

• nucleotides are added to match the exact sequence on the original DNA strand

• No nucleotides are added during DNA replication

• The nucleotides match to complementary base pairs

• Whatever nucleotides are available randomly attach to the DNA strands

Look at the following DNA segment. Is there an error?

A-G-C-T

T-C-G-A

• Yes

• No

Where must a mutation occur in order for it to be inherited in future generations?

• Brain Cells

• Skin Cells

• Germ Cells

• Bone Cells

Answer explanation

Germ cell is another way of saying reproductive cell

Which of the following would result in a phenotypic change in future offspring?

• A chromosome inversion in a cheek cell.

• The insertion of a nucleotide in a DNA strand in a skin cell.

• The separation failure of a homologous chromosome in a gamete cell.

• An amino acid substitution in a growing protein strand in a kidney cell.