Cold War

Which U.S. initiative was designed to provide financial aid for war-torn European countries from 1948 to 1951?

• the Marshall Plan

• the Geneva Accords

• the NATO alliance

• the United Nations

Which policy did the U.S. government use to respond to the Cold War tensions of the 1950s?

• isolationism

• imperialism

• globalism

• containment

Truman Doctrine

I believe that it must be the policy of

the United States to support free

peoples who are resisting attempted

[conquest] by armed minorities or by

outside pressures.

                       

According to this excerpt, for what was President Truman arguing?

• The U.S. must keep current alliances with foreign nations.

• The U.S. must protect independent nations from communist aggression

• The U.S. must support rebels fighting for freedom in foreign nations

• The U.S. must avoid establishing alliances with foreign nations

How did the Soviet Union respond to the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)?

• placing nuclear missiles in Cuba

• forming the Warsaw Pact

• establishing the Council for Mutual Assistance

• giving military assistance to the Southeastern Asia Treaty Organization

At which of the following conferences did Stalin agree to hold free elections in the countries of Eastern Europe?

• Teheran

• Potsdam

• Yalta

• London

How did the end of World War II affect the beginning of the Cold War?

• At the end of WWII, there were two superpowers struggling for dominance

• WWII never really ended

• There were no new weapons developed after WWII

• Many countries still wanted to fight after WWII

The announcement of the Truman Doctrine, the Berlin airlift, and the formation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) were actions taken by the United States to prevent the

• renewal of Nazi fascism in Germany, Italy, and Spain

• expansion of communism into Western

  Europe

• starvation of refugees from Eastern Europe

• start of an arms race between the United

  States and the Soviet Union

 “From Stetin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an Iron Curtain has descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia, all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I might call the Soviet Sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence, but to very high, and in some cases increasing measure of control from Moscow."

-Winston Churchill

What is the main idea of this quotation?

• The Soviet Union has expanded its influence throughout Eastern Europe

• The Soviet Union has helped the nations of Eastern Europe improve their standard of living

• The democratic nations of Western Europe have stopped the expansion of Soviet influence in the world

• The Soviet Union will support communist revolutions in Southeast Asia

....The  truth  of  the  matter  is  that  Europe’s requirements  for  the  next  three  or  four  years  of foreign  food  and  other  essential  products—principally  from  America—are  so  much  greater than her present ability to pay that she must have substantial  additional  help,  or  face  economic, social,  and  political  deterioration  of  a  very  grave character...

.— Secretary of State George Marshall, Remarks at Harvard University Commencement, June 5, 1947

 

In this excerpt, Secretary of State George Marshall is identifying the need to

• install democratic governments in the nations of Western Europe

• allow European workers to settle in the United States

• strengthen European military defenses

• provide economic assistance to struggling European nations

Truman's response to the Berlin blockade was to

• abandon the western-occupied portions of Berlin

• create a policy of containment

• use military force to break the blockade

• airlift all necessary supplies into Berlin for almost a year