Unit 5 Thinking, Concepts, and Creativity

Which term refers to all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating?

• schema

• heuristic

• cognition

• syntax

• language

When we use the word “automobile” to refer to a category of transport vehicles, we are using this word as a(n)

• mental set.

• heuristic.

• concept.

• algorithm.

• phoneme.

A prototype is a

• mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people.

• new, novel item fitting an existing mental category.

• simple thinking strategy for solving problems efficiently.

• best example of a particular category.

• step-by-step procedure for solving problems

When someone mentions hamburgers, Trisha immediately thinks of McDonald's. In this instance, McDonald's is a

• phoneme

• heuristic.

• prototype.

• mental set

• fixation.

Generating the single correct answer to an intelligence test question illustrates

• the availability heuristic.

• convergent thinking.

• reliability.

• factor analysis.

• standardization.

Generating multiple possible answers to a problem illustrates

• the representativeness heuristic.

• the availability heuristic

• belief perseverance

• divergent thinking.

• a prototype.

An algorithm is a

• simple thinking strategy for making decisions quickly and efficiently.

• method of hypothesis testing involving trial and error.

• best example of a particular category.

• methodical step-by-step procedure for solving problems.

• specific kind of prototype.

A sudden realization of the solution to a problem is called

• framing.

• insight.

• a heuristic.

• belief perseverance.

• an algorithm.

As he attempted to spell the word “receive,” Tim reminded himself “i before e except after c.” Tim's self-reminder best illustrates the use of

• prototypes.

• trial and error.

• insight.

• an algorithm.

• a heuristic.

Rachelle's car would not start. To find the problem she decided to go alphabetically through the repair checklist of all possible reasons the car will not start. Rachelle's strategy best demonstrates

• fixation.

• insight.

• a heuristic.

• confirmation bias.

• an algorithm.