Deviations from the Logical Norm

If we ban Hummers because they are bad for the environment eventually the government will ban all cars, so we should not ban Hummers.

• Slippery Slope

• Hasty Generalization

• Circular Argument

• Red Herring

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Even though it's only the first day, I can tell this is going to be a boring course.

• Begging the Claim

• Ad hominem

• Hasty Generalization

• Straw Man

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

The Volkswagen Beetle is an evil car because it was originally designed by Hitler's army.

• Begging the Claim

• Genetic Fallacy

• Slippery Slope

• Hasty Generalization

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Filthy and polluting coal should be banned.

• Begging the Claim

• Circular Argument

• Ad populum

  /Bandwagon Appeal

• Red Herring

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

An _________ fallacy uses personal attacks rather than logic. This fallacy occurs when someone rejects or criticizes another point of view based on the personal characteristics, ethnic background, physical appearance, or other non-relevant traits of the person who holds it.

• ad hominem

• appeal to authority

• appeal to the bandwagon

• cliche thinking

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

This fallacy is based on the idea that if many people agree on the same point, it must be true. The issue with this kind of argument is that just because an idea is popular, it is not automatically right or true.

• ad hominem

• appeal to emotion

• false analogy

• appeal to the bandwagon

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

A _________ argument assumes that a certain course of action will necessarily lead to a chain of future events. The _________ fallacy takes a benign premise or starting point and suggests that it will lead to unlikely or ridiculous outcomes with no supporting evidence.

• false cause

• slippery slope

• generalization

• non sequitur

Tags

CCSS.L.11-12.6

CCSS.L.8.6

CCSS.L.9-10.6

CCSS.W.11-12.2D

CCSS.W.9-10.2D

Misrepresenting or twisting someone's argument so it's easier to attack and knockdown

Ex: Wife: I'd rather have a dog than a cat.Husband: Why do you hate cats?

• Scare Tactics

• Bandwagon

• Straw Man

• Ad Hominem

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5

Hasty Generalization

• An inference drawn from insufficient evidence.

  Ex: My new Toyota broke down, so all Toyotas must be poorly made.

• Using fear to sway people by exaggerating possible dangers well beyond their statistical likelihood

  Ex: "If you don't buy this product, you risk injury and death."

• Playing on readers' emotions to distract them from the facts

  Ex: ASPCA ads effectively designed to make you feel like a heartless jerk if you don't donate.

• Unfair oversimplification of an issue by providing only two options as a possible solution

  Ex: "If you aren't first, you're last."

Tags

CCSS.RI.8.1

CCSS.RI.8.8

CCSS.RL.11-12.1

CCSS.RL.8.1

CCSS.RL.9-10.1

Sentimental Appeal

• Playing on readers' emotions to distract them from the facts

  Ex: ASPCA ads effectively designed to make you feel like a heartless jerk if you don't donate.

• An inference drawn from insufficient evidence.

  Ex: My new Toyota broke down, so all Toyotas must be poorly made.

• Unfair oversimplification of an issue by providing only two options as a possible solution

  Ex: "If you aren't first, you're last."

• Using fear to sway people by exaggerating possible dangers well beyond their statistical likelihood

  Ex: "If you don't buy this product, you risk injury and death."

Tags

CCSS.RI. 9-10.8

CCSS.RI.11-12.5

CCSS.RI.11-12.8

CCSS.RI.8.5

CCSS.RI.9-10.5