Coral reefs are found in shallow ocean waters closest to between _____ degrees north latitude and ____ degrees south latitude.

• 60; 60

• 30; 30

• 10; 10

• 80; 80

The infographic compares exposed reefs with sheltered reefs. Identify the negative consequence of having no mangroves.

• Higher juvenile survival resulting in lower species replenishment

• Lower juvenile survival resulting in lower species replenishment

• Lower juvenile survival resulting in higher species replenishment

• Higher juvenile survival resulting in higher species replenishment

Increase coral diversity increases

• habitat diversity

• fish populations

• health of the ecosystem

• all of the above

corals are referred to as ecosystem

• makers

• niche builders

• bulkers

• engineers

coral cover can be reduced by

• increase temperatures causing bleaching

• decrease of herbivores

• increase nutrient causing algae cover

• all the above

low dissolved oxygen can be caused in the ocean by

• high nutrients

• no wind

• no ocean mixing

• lack of protein skimming

the roughness of a reefs surface is called

• diversity

• rugosity

• roughness

• niche diversity

ecosystems with high interconnectivity have

• high resilience

• low resilience

• low diversity

• high biodiversity

How do herbivores benefit coral reefs?

• they store nutrients and stay close together

• they are not a benefit as corals close as they swim by

• they cover the corals

• they reduce algae so they do not smother corals

After corals have been bleached

• they never recover.

• the coral can only recover if there is enough nutrients.

• they can recover if they're the correct genetic form.

• if temperatures return to normal the coral can recover.