ESS 1st Semester Exam Review Through 8.1

Which of the following explains the principle behind the Milankovitch theory?

• The amount of solar radiation that Earth absorbs is constant.

• The amount of solar radiation the sun receives varies.

• The amount of solar radiation the sun receives is constant.

• Cyclical changes in Earth’s orbit and in the tilt of its axis cause climatic changes.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

Earth’s most recent ice age began approximately how long ago?

• 800 million years ago

• 4 million years ago

• 15,000 years ago

• 10,000 years ago

Evidence of past ice ages has been found by studying

• volcanic dust.

• seahorse activity.

• Foraminifera shells.

• seaweed.

According to the Milankovitch theory, which of the following factors affect the solar energy reaching Earth’s surface?

• clouds, ice, and glaciers

• eccentricity, erratics, and precession

• eccentricity, tilt, and precession

• tilt, angle, and slope

What happened to sea levels during the last ice age?

• They were the same as today.

• They were higher than today.

• They were lower than today.

• They were higher, then lower than today.

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NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

How do glacial periods and interglacial periods differ?

• In glacial periods, glaciers flow; in interglacial periods they advance.

• In glacial periods, glaciers retreat; in interglacial periods they slip.

• In glacial periods, glaciers advance; in interglacial periods they retreat.

• In glacial periods, glaciers retreat; in interglacial periods they advance.

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NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

Which of the following is one theory that explains the cause of ice ages?

• Ice ages may be caused by pollution.

• Ice ages may be caused by changes in Earth’s movement relative to the moon.

• Ice ages may be caused by cold air from the poles.

• Ice ages may be caused by volcanic dust that blocks sunlight.

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NGSS.HS-ESS3-5

A telescope that uses a set of lenses to gather and focus light from distant objects is a

• reflecting telescope.

• refracting telescope.

• radio telescope.

• space telescope.

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NGSS.HS-PS4-5

The universe began about

• 10 million years ago.

• 1 billion years ago.

• 14 billion years ago.

• 50 billion years ago.

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NGSS.HS-ESS1-2

Which of the following has a visible wavelength?

• an infrared wave

• a gamma ray

• an X ray

• a violet wave

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