Biology Unit 3 Terms

"a different version of the same gene (at the same locus) determined by small differences in the DNA sequence of the gene"

• Amino acid

• Allele

• Gene

• Peptide

"two complementary nitrogen bases linked by hydrogen bonding"

• Allele

• Chromosome

• Base pair

• Genome

"to permanently change the molecular structure of protein or DNA"

• Denature

• Deactivate

• Destroy

• Demolish

"a specific protein catalyst that increases the rate of a biochemical reaction within the cell by lowering the amount of energy required for the reaction to proceed"

• Golgi Apparatus

• Base Pair

• Nucleic Acid

• Enzyme

"the monomer, or building block, of DNA and RNA, consisting of sugar, phosphate and a nitrogen base"

• Nucleotide

• DNA

• RNA

• Substrate

"a small structure consisting of RNA and proteins where amino acids are joined to form polypeptides"

• subunit

• ribosome

• golgi apparatus

• transcription

"the process by which DNA is copied into mRNA"

• Transport

• Translation

• Transcription

• Duplication

"the process of turning the nucleotide sequence of mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide"

• Subunit

• Transcription

• Translation

• Template

"the complete sequence of DNA in a single (haploid) set of an organisms chromosomes, including nuclear, mitochondrial and chloroplast DNA"

• Genome

• Gene

• Genetics

• Haploid