After the defeat of Napolean, the Congress of Vienna reestablished the Church's rule over the Papal States

• True

• False

In 1871 German chancellor Otto von Bismarck began a program of persecution against Catholics that became known as the Kulturkampf, or "conflict of cultures."

• True

• False

In 1811 even while being held captive by Napoleon, Pope Pius VII elevated Isaac Thomas Hecker from bishop to archbishop of Baltimore.

• True

• False

Saint Frances Xavier Cabrini founded the Missionaries of the Sacred Heart of Jesus in Italy in 1880

• True

• False

By 1850 there were 2 million Catholics in the United States, and Catholics had become the second largest single religious group in the country.

• True

• False

After losing the last of his worldly power to invading Italian troops, Pope Pius IX shut himself within the walls of the Vatican and called himself the "prisoner of Italy."

• True

• False

The first great Catholic social justice encyclical Rerum Novarum ("Of New Things") was issued in 1891 by Pope

• Pius X

• Leo XIII

• Pius IX

• Pius VII

The Society of St. Francis de Sales, also known as the Salesians, was started in Italy in 1859 by ___

• John Bosco

• Katharine Drexel

• Daniel O'Connell

• Pope Pius IX

Pope _____ declared that children should receive their First Holy Communion as soon as they were old enough to understand that Christ is truly present in the Eucharist.

• Leo XIII

• Pius IX

• Pius VII

• Pius X

The Sisters of the Blessed Sacrament were founded in the United States in 1891 by _____

• Katharine Drexel

• Catherine McAuley

• Mary Mazzarello

• Rosalie Rendu