AP Psychology: Unit 1

introspection

Answer explanation

first began in laboratory set up by Wilhelm Wundt; process of reporting on one's own conscious mental experiences

structuralism

Answer explanation

idea proposed by Wundt that the mind operates by combining subjective emotions and objective sensations; aimed to uncover the basic structures that make up mind and thought

functionalism

Answer explanation

theory presented by William James; emphasizes adaptiveness of the mental or behavioral processes

Wilhelm Wundt

Answer explanation

set up first psychological laboratory in Leipzig, Germany in 1879; known for training subjects in introspection and for his theory of structuralism

Margaret Floy Washburn

Answer explanation

first woman to earn a Ph.D. in psychology

William James

Answer explanation

published The Principles of Psychology, the science's first textbook; responsible for theory of functionalism

Mary Whiton Calkins

Answer explanation

studied with William James and went on to become president of the American Psychological Association

G. Stanley Hall

Answer explanation

student of William James who pioneered he study of child development and was the first president of the APA

Gestalt psychology

Answer explanation

theory that states that the whole experience is often more than just the sum of the parts, because the way we experience the world is more than just an accumulation of various perceptual experiences; relatively little influence on current psychology

Max Wertheimer

Answer explanation

Gestalt psychologist who argued against dividing human thought and behavior into discrete structures