Matter and Energy in Ecosystems

This food chain is incomplete. Two groups of organisms are missing. Evaluate the model to determine the other two missing groups and explain their role in the ecosystem. (Choose 2)

• Carnivores that eat only meat and form the top of the food chain.

• Producers that make the energy available to consumer organisms.

• Decomposers that recycle matter back into the food chain.

• Predators that prey on all other levels of consumers.

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The food chain to the right shows how energy moves through a lake environment. If the temperature of the water suddenly increased and the prey fish started to die, what would happen to the food chain?

• predator fish would not have a source of food

• bacteria would increase

• invertebrates would die

• humans would be unable to fish

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Pick any habitat and model a food web to illustrate the flow of food energy. Those were your teacher’s instructions. You created a beautiful drawing as your model, as seen here, but your teacher commented that it was not accurate. What is an important limitation of your food web?

• It does not show how similar organisms use energy.

• It is not a web; it is a chain.

• The scale of your drawings are inaccurate.

• Your model is not in color.

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This is a wetland food web. When the organisms you see here die, they become food for ____________, which help recycle matter back into the food web.

• producers

• parasites

• decomposers

• consumers

The flow of energy through different organisms is often represented as an energy pyramid or a food web. Both of these diagrams can show a wide range of organisms from microscopic algae to blue whales.

Why are photosynthetic organisms considered to be the first level of the energy pyramid?

• They are the smallest organisms.

• They convert light energy from the sun and convert it to a useable chemical energy through photosynthesis.

• There are so many animals that eat them.

• There are more of them than anything else.

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Based on the food chain in the diagram, what is the major role of the human fisherman?

• energy source

• decomposer

• producer

• consumer

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What is the source all of the energy in an ecosystem?

• plants

• water

• oxygen

• sunlight

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The food chain above shows how energy moves through a lake environment. If a chemical company were to put a harmful chemical that kills off all of the phytoplankton, which animal would be immediately affected?

• prey fish

• bacteria

• human

• invertebrates

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The process that producers use to convert light energy from the sun into usable chemical energy is called

• metamorphosis.

• natural selection.

• photosynthesis.

• osmosis.

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This is a picture of green algae. Algae like this lives in ponds and lakes. It uses its green pigment to make food by photosynthesis. In a fresh water food chain or web, this organism would be classified as a

• A

  consumer.

• producer.

• decomposer.

• herbivore.

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