8th - Earthquakes

The diagram shows rock that is being deformed by one type of stress.

What type of stress is shown in the diagram?

• Faulting

• Tension

• Shear stress

• Compression

On which type of plate would you find thinner, denser rock?

• Oceanic plate

• Continental plate

• Lithosphere plate

• Rocks on all plates have the same thickness and density

How does distance from the epicenter of an earthquake change the earthquake's effects?

• The strongest effects are usually felt near the epicenter

• The strongest effects are usually felt farthest from the epicenter

• The strongest effects are usually felt in a line extending north and south from the epicenter

• The strongest effects are usually felt in a ring surrounding the epicenter with a radius of several miles

Why do most earthquakes that take place at tectonic plate boundaries?

• The rock in the interior of a tectonic plate is stronger, so it does not deform

• Earthquakes take place where the motion of tectonic plates transfers energy to rock

• Earthquakes can only occur at places where magma can reach the surface and transfer energy to rocks

• Earthquakes take place when on place moves over another plate, which happens only at plate boundaries

On December 26, 2004, a major tsunami occurred in the Indian Ocean. The tsunami traveled from its point of origin to as far away as Africa—nearly 5,000 km. The map below shows the origin of the tsunami and the direction the waves traveled.

What was the cause of this tsunami?

• An earthquake beneath the ocean

• The impact of a large meteorite in the ocean

• A sudden violent windstorm above the ocean water

• A typhoon moving from the Indian Ocean toward India

What is the break in a body of rock along which one block slides relative to another called?

• Fault

• Focus

• Epicenter

• Earthquake

What is the beginning point of an earthquake?

• focus

• epicenter

• tsunami

• lithosphere

What is a scientist who studies the movement of the earth called?

• tsunami

• magnitude

• seismologist

• focus

What are the vibrations of energy flowing from the focus?

• epicenter

• tsunami

• focus

• seismic waves

What is the point on Earth's surface directly above the focus?

• tsunami

• seismic wave

• epicenter

• focus