Crude Oil

In combination with _____, crude oil is called petroleum.

• Natural Gas

• Coal

• Hydrocarbons

• Sulfur

The boiling point of alkanes...

• Decreases as the number of carbons increases.

• Decreases as the number of carbons decreases.

Answer explanation

Increasing molar mass usually increases boiling point. The longer the carbon chain present in the alkane, the more small London dispersion forces it will have. These interactions increase the melting and boiling points.

How many carbon atoms are in Naptha?

• 5-12

• 2-4

• 15-25

• 7-14

Answer explanation

Light naphtha is the fraction boiling between 30 °C and 90 °C and consists of molecules with 5–6 carbon atoms. Heavy naphtha boils between 90 °C and 200 °C and consists of molecules with 6–12 carbon atoms.

What term is given to a compound which contains atoms of carbon and hydrogen only?

• alkene

• hydrocarbon

• alkane

• saturated

Fractional distillation separates crude oil based on the different __________ of the molecules in the mixture

• melting point

• boiling point

• freezing point

• chemical reactivity

Molecules collected at the bottom of the fractionating column tend to be...

• more viscous, less flammable and less volatile

• less viscous, more flammable and more volatile

• more viscous, more flammable and less volatile

• less viscous, less flammable and more volatile

Molecules collected at the top of the fractionating column tend to be...

• more viscous, less flammable and less volatile

• less viscous, more flammable and more volatile

• more viscous, more flammable and less volatile

• less viscous, less flammable and more volatile

What are the 2 products of complete combustion?

• carbon dioxide + hydrogen

• carbon dioxide + water

• carbon monoxide + water

• carbon monoxide + hydrogen

Crude oil is said to be....

• Sweet when it contains a lot of sulfur.

• Bitter when it contains a high quantity of sulfur.

• Sweet when it contains little combined sulfur.

• Sour when it has a low sulfur content.

• Sour when it contains a high sulfur content.

Answer explanation

The New York Mercantile Exchange designates petroleum with less than 0.5% sulfur as sweet. Sour crude oil is comprised of as much as 1-2% of sulfur. Sour oil requires extra treatment 'sweeten' the product. TAN stands for “Total Acid Number.” The TAN count of oil is a measure of how corrosive it is.

If a crude has a high TAN number, producers must use more robust metallurgy than standard so their processes can handle that corrosivity and keep the crude in the pipe. Therefore, the ideal oil is light and sweet.

What is the term given to the process by which longer chain hydrocarbons are broken down into shorter length alkanes and alkenes?

• fractional distillation

• evaporation

• cracking

• polymerisation