Unit 7 Pretest

What word describes a trait that helps an organism survive in its environment?

• natural selection

• mutation

• camouflage

• adaptation

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The trees these moths used to live on were white, but have been covered in soot from coal factories. Which moth will be more successful in this environment?

• Dark moth
• Light moth
• Both will be equally successful
• Neither will be successful

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These moths are all the same species. The differences between their wings is an example of ________________

• Natural Selection
• Variation
• Homeostasis
• Extinction

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Evolution works by 

• individuals changing to suit their environment
• Individuals learned new traits and pass them on
• sudden change in the environment cause a species change 
• small changes pass down through many generations

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Charles Darwin observed that finches of different species on the Galápagos Islands have many similar physical characteristics, this supports the hypothesis that these finches

• are twins

• acquired traits through use and disuse.

• all eat the same type of food.

• descended from a common ancestor.

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The practice by which humans select plants or animals for breeding based on desired traits is known as?

• Evolution

• Natural Selection

• Artificial Selection

• Darwinism

What is the process by which organisms that inherit advantageous traits tend to reproduce more successfully than other organisms do?

• Evolution

• Natural Selection

• Artificial Selection

• Darwinism

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Which of the following species would have the most potential for selective breeding?

• A species of fruit tree that is very sensitive to climate changes.

• A species of grain particularly susceptible to fungal disease.

• A species of grass with a large number of genetic variations within the species.

• A species of birds reproduces slowy.

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Which of the following methods would be best for determining the evolutionary relationships among a group of species?

• comparing only the embryological features of the species

• examining each species’ lineage in the fossil record individually without comparing the lineages to each other

• comparing the DNA sequences and anatomical features of the species

This kind of structure is when the bones have similar form but are used for different functions.

• analogous structure
• homologous structure
• vestigial structure