AMSCO 5.1 & 5.2

The Enlightenment was a time when people began to value _____ over tradition and superstition.

• gold and silver

• logic and reason

• class distinction

• trade routes

• loyalty to one's king

John Locke believed that people

• are too violent and selfish to govern themselves

• have natural rights that should not be violated

• must remain loyal to their king no matter what

• are born with all their traits already predetermined

• had no right to rebel against their government

Thomas Hobbes wrote Leviathan, in which he argued

• for the creation of more democracies

• people need a strong monarch to govern them

• people are born as "blank slates"

• people are generally good and capable of governing themselves

• against the idea of a social contract

Montesquieu argued in his writings for the separation of

• governmental powers

• social classes

• races

• church and state

• America from the British Empire

Adam Smith wrote The Wealth of Nations, in which he argued for

• socialism

• more powerful monarchs

• mercantilism

• laissez-faire economic policies

• the abolition of slavery

Deism is the belief that

• there is no God

• a divine creator exists but does not interfere in history

• belief in a deity is not necessary for the soul's eternal salvation

• religion and government should be connected

• church and state should be separate

Mary Wollstonecraft argued in her writings for

• a stronger monarchy

• checks and balances in government

• more education and equality for women

• the social contract

• an end to the French Revolution

General Will is an Enlightenment concept that means a nation's leader

• has absolute power over his people

• must follow the will of the people

• should be elected only by the elite of society

• must come from the common people of society

• is not important

Slavery and serfdom in the 19th century

• were unaffected by Enlightened ideas

• were supported by Enlightenment writers

• were abolished in favor of greater human rights

• decreased but still continued well into the 20th century

• were not issues of concern and were rarely discussed

The ideas of natural rights and the social contract found in the American Declaration of Independence were inspired by

• John Locke

• King Louis XVI

• the pope

• Jean-Jacque Rousseau

• Robert Owen