Mendelian Genetics

Mendels Law of Independent Assortment states that....

• The assortment of chromosomes for one trait doesn‘t affect the assortment of chromosomes for another trait.

• When chromosomes separate during meiosis, chunks of them break off and get lost in the cell.

• When chromosomes separate in meiosis, each gamete (egg or sperm) will receive only one chromosome from each pair

• Each individual will have a dominant and a recessive allele for a trait.

The term Homozygous alleles refers to ...

• the alleles found in the species Homo sapiens (humans)

• The individual has two of the same allele for a given trait

• The individual has one of each allele type for a given trait

• The chromosomes sort randomly at the mitotic plate

The Law of Complete Dominance states that...

• One trait is better than another trait

• dominant trait will be expressed if an individual inherits at least one dominant allele for that trait.

• The recessive trait will be expressed even if an individual inherits only one recessive allele

• Certain traits are carried on the X chromosome.

Mendel's Law of Segregation states that...

• The assortment of chromosomes for one trait doesn‘t affect the assortment of chromosomes for another trait.

• Every individual inherits one allele from each parent for a certain trait

• When chromosomes separate in meiosis, each gamete (egg or sperm) will receive only one chromosome from each pair.

• The chromosomes segregate in pairs at the mitotic plate.

The term heterozygous alleles refers to...

• Two dominant alleles

• One dominant allele and one recessive allele

• Two recessive alleles

• Two different genes

What is a gene?

• The allele that is only "seen" in the homozygous state

• When homologous chromosomes have different alleles on them

• A par of chromosomes with genes in the same locations

• The section of DNA that codes for a protein and/or a trait

The word dominant in genetics refers to..

• the physical trait expressed

• the allele that is always expressed, if present

• the allele that is only "seen" in homozygous state

• the actual alleles an individual inherits from their parents

The term genotype refers to...

• the physical trait expressed

• a version of a gene

• the actual alleles an individual inherits from their parents

• the allele that is always expressed, if present

The term phenotype refers to...

• the actual alleles an individual inherits from their parents

• the section of DNA that contains the code for a specific trait

• When homologous chromosomes have different alleles on them

• the physical trait expressed

In genetics the term recessive refers to...

• the allele that is only "seen" in the homozygous state

• When homologous chromosomes have different alleles on them

• a pair of chromosomes with genes in the same locations

• the allele that is always expressed, if present