Chapter 4 Study Guide Listening and Evaluating

Draws invalid conclusions from weak or often farfetched comparisons.

• Begging the Question

• False Analogy

• Hasty Generalizations

• Propaganda

Propaganda technique that encourages people to act because everyone else is doing it.

• Name Calling

• Transfer

• Bandwagon

• Prejudice

Conclusions or opinions that are drawn from very few observations or that ignore exceptions.

• Irrelevant Evidence

• Hasty Generalizations

• Prejudice

• Critical Listening

Assuming the truth of a statement before it is proven

• Name Calling

• Prejudice

• Transfer

• Begging the Question

Means not only comprehending what is being said but also testing the strength of those ideas.

• Propaganda

• Hasty Generalizations

• False Analogy

• Critical Listening

A prejudgement or bias: a belief you have already formed that may not be grounded in facts.

• Prejudice

• Hasty Generalization

• Transfer

• Name Calling

Information that has nothing to do with the argument being made.

• Loaded Words

• False Premise

• Emotional Appeal

• Irrelevant Evidence

Persuasion that deliberately discourages people from thinking for themselves.

• Critical Listening

• Stereotype

• Propaganda

• Emotional Appeal

A method that builds a connection between things that are not logically connected.

• Begging the Question

• Transfer

• Name calling

• Propaganda

Labeling that is intended to arouse powerful negative feelings.

• Hatefulness

• Bandwagon

• Name calling

• Prejudice