Halfway Knowledge Check CH 17

The process by which two species, for example, a flower and a pollinating insect, evolve in response to changes in each other over time is called

• convergent evolution

• adaptive radiation

• coevolution

• punctuated equilibrium

A single species that evolves into several different forms and live in different ways (such as the finches of Galapagos Islands) has undergone

• adaptive radiation

• coevolution

• punctuated equilibrium

• convergent evolution

A pattern in which species experience long, stable periods interrupted by brief periods of rapid evolutionary change is called

• convergent evolution

• coevolution

• adaptive radiation

• punctuated equilibrium

The process that produces a similar appearance among unrelated groups of organisms is

• adaptive radiation

• coevolution

• convergent evolution

• mass evolution

In a species that has become ___________, all members have died, and the species has ceased to exist.

• endangered

• extinct

• invasive

• inactive

Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Earth before the oceans formed?

• volcanic activity

• bombardment by comets and asteroids

• an atmosphere of poisonous gases

• an atmosphere containing oxygen gas

Two gases that probably existed in Earth's early atmosphere are

• oxygen and water vapor

• oxygen and nitrogen

• oxygen and carbon monoxide

• nitrogen and carbon monoxide

Miller and Urey's experiments attempted to demonstrate

• how Earth first formed

• whether DNA or RNA evolved first

• whether organic molecules (like amino acids) could have formed before life was present

• how the deepest part of Earth formed

The endosymbiotic theory proposes that

• prokaryotic cells arose from eukaryotic cells

• multicellular prokaryotes arose from bacteria

• eukaryotic cells were formed from prokaryotic cells

• all organisms evolved from specialized enfoldings of the plasma membrane

Which of these facts about mitochondria and chloroplasts constitute(s) support for the endosymbiotic theory?

• Their DNA resembles prokaryotic bacterial DNA

• Their proteins resemble the proteins of bacteria

• like bacteria, they reproduce by meiosis

• none of the above