2022 USH FINAL Prep 1

Why was the ideal of equality problematic in 1776?

• It did not include any labor rights.

• It only targeted wealthy males.

• It excluded enslaved people and women.

• It created different social classes.

John Locke argued that all people have specific natural rights, which is the idea that

• everyone earns certain rights just by being born.

• certain rights should not involve the government.

• citizen rights should be revised every few years.

• citizens are entitled to more power than the government.

Which of these ideals refers to the chance for individuals to pursue their hopes and dreams for a better life?

• liberty

• equality

• democracy

• opportunity

According to the Declaration of Independence, where does a government obtain its power from?

• the three branches of government

• the consent of the governed

• wealthy male citizens

• the citizen's natural rights

Prior to 1776, how had most societies been divided?

• Most societies vested their power with the most talented and skilled individuals, regardless of race or wealth.

• Most societies had been divided into unequal groups, castes, or social classes.

• Most societies had achieved equal rights but weren’t necessarily equal.

• Most societies divided all of their major productive resources equally among their populace.

A secondary source is

• a past record created by someone who was not present at the time of the events.

• usually far more valuable than a primary source.

• very rarely used by historians.

• a past record created by someone who was present at the time of the events.

What is important for historians to keep in mind when they are collecting evidence?

• to value secondary sources over primary sources

• to accept all primary sources as truth

• that the end goal is to create a chronicle

• to consider the points of view and biases of the people who created their sources

Read the quotations from two historians below. Why is it possible for both of these historical interpretations to be correct?

“As a master mariner and navigator, Columbus was supreme in his generation.”

- Samuel Eliot Morison, "Christopher Columbus", Mariner, 1955

“Columbus would never have made it to Asia... He would have been doomed by the great expanse of sea. But he was lucky.”

- Howard Zinn, "A People's History of the United States", 2005

• They both focus on the great skills Columbus had as a ship's captain.

• They both discuss how Columbus changed history.

• They have chosen to emphasize different facts in their interpretations.

• They are using different primary sources for their interpretations.

Which of the following was a reason that populations in cities increased in the 1800s?

• Farm areas were becoming extremely overpopulated and crowded.

• Colonists were drawn to the abundance of natural resources in cities.

• Natural resources were depleting very rapidly outside of the cities.

• Industries in cities provided economic opportunities for many people.

Which of the following is an example of a territory the United States obtained through war rather than negotiation?

• Florida from Spain

• Alaska from Russia

• Texas and the American Southwest from Mexico

• the Oregon Territory from Great Britain