Unit 4 Human Geography Review (CollegeBoard Questions)

Based on the map data, which of the following best explains a factor that has led to ethnic separatism in Belgium?

• A multilingual society has emerged, with several languages being spoken by the overall population.

• The populations of the three regions are not evenly balanced or equally distributed.

• Many who speak French as their first language also speak Flemish, but few people who speak Flemish as their first language also speak French.

• Many who speak Flemish as their first language also speak French, but few people who speak French as their first language also speak Flemish.

• A multinational state has developed into a multicultural society where language and ethnicity are of little importance to personal identity.

Which of the following statements accurately compares the processes of devolution and supranationalism that challenge the sovereignty of Canada?

• Centripetal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico is a centrifugal force on a national level.

• Centripetal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico challenges the Canadian government’s independence on a national level.

• Centrifugal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico challenges the Canadian government’s independence on a national level.

• Centripetal forces are present in Quebec, whereas the free-trade agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico is a governance issue at the provincial scale.

Which of the following technological examples is best used to compare the effects of local-scale and global-scale political challenges to state sovereignty?

• Laptop computers used by aid agencies in nation-building

• Social media Web sites supporting supranational organizations

• Internet filters restricting the spread of globalization

• Cell phone use weakening corrupt governments

• Satellite image analysis contributing to devolution

The geopolitical setting of which of the following countries can be explained by its membership in the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War and its location along the European shatterbelt?

• France

• Bulgaria

• Italy

• Switzerland

• Belgium

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of devolutionary movements in Spain and Canada?

• There is an economic aspect to the Quebecois independence movement, while the Catalans focus mainly on culture.

• Both independence movements utilize cultural distinctiveness as their only reason for seeking independence.

• Both independence movements focus on religious differences with the nations they currently belong to.

• There is an economic aspect to the Catalan independence movement, while the Quebecois focus mainly on cultural differences.

• Both independence movements utilize economic power as their main reason for seeking independence.

Compare the centralized power of the Soviet Union with the contemporary Russian Federation, in terms of the control of territory. Which of the following statements does the information in the map best support?

• Russia is a global power with concentrated power in East Asia.

• Russia is a multistate nation made up of numerous sovereign independent entities.

• Russia’s autonomous regions illustrate a strategy to counter the difficulty in governing such a large area from a single centralized location.

• Russia is an ethnically diverse region with many subnational units.

• Russia used to control fifteen additional republics that regained their independence in 1990.

Nunavut in Canada is a semiautonomous region that allows an indigenous group within Canada to maintain their own culture and local government, reducing the threat of fragmentation. Which of the following best compares the impact of the creation of Nunavut at both local and national scales?

• It created centrifugal forces at both local and national scales.

• It created centrifugal forces at the local scale but not the national scale.

• It created centrifugal forces locally and centripetal forces nationally.

• It created centripetal forces at the national scale but not the local scale.

• It created centripetal forces at both local and national scales.

Which of the following is an example of a superimposed boundary?

• The geometric boundary between the United States and Canada

• The border of the European Union

• The Pyrenees Mountains between France and Spain

• The geometric boundary between Iraq and Saudi Arabia

• The Great Wall of China

The Berlin Conference established the borders of North African countries including Egypt, Libya, and Sudan. The landscape of these countries influenced the types of boundaries imposed by the European colonial powers. Which of the following boundary types best explains the influence of landscape on the political borders of the North African region?

• Antecedent, based on tribal cultural boundaries that existed before European colonization

• Subsequent, with smaller buffer states placed between larger states to prevent political conflicts

• Consequent, accounting for local differences in language and religion during European colonization

• Natural, with irregular lines, accounting for regional physical features such as mountains or water bodies

• Geometric, with straight lines, disregarding physical features or tribal cultural differences of the areas

Which of the following best explains the governance of the shaded areas shown on the map?

• These areas are established as nation-states for indigenous peoples at the local scale.

• These areas show territory occupied by indigenous peoples as stateless nations at a local scale.

• These areas show territory controlled by indigenous peoples as a single multistate nation.

• These areas show where indigenous peoples have a limited amount of self-government at a national scale.

• These areas are lands of indigenous peoples that are sovereign independent states at an international scale.