Enlightenment, French and American Revolutions

Which concept influenced the development of the Enlightenment ?

• Constitutional monarchies

• Declaration of the Rights of Man

• The Scientific Revolution

• Enlightened Zords masters

How were the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment similar ?

• The institution of the church was strengthened

• They rejected Protestant secularism

• The Protestant Revolution occured

• The encouraged the spread of new ideas

What idea do both the English Bill of Rights and the Enlightenment political philosophy of John

Locke support?

• limited government

• aristocratic anarchy

• absolute power

• communist regimes

Thomas Hobbes published his book, Leviathan, in 1651. He argued that people were cruel,

greedy, and selfish, causing life to be unpleasant, poor, and short.

• Only a weak government, such as one headed by an enlightened despot, could produce an

  orderly society.

• Only a powerful government, such as an absolute monarchy, could produce an orderly

  society.

• Only a laizzaie faire society could produce an orderly society

• Only a government that protected natural rights could produce an orderly society.

“Being all equal and independent, no one ought to harm another in his life, health, liberty, or

possessions.”

― John Locke, Second Treatise of Government

What document John Locke’s view of natural rights directly influences?

• The United States Accords

• The Declaration of Independence

• The Magna Carta

• The Petition of Rights

6. This illustration shows Thomas Paine surrounded by injustices that led to the French

Revolution, in 1789. Paine wrote the “Rights of Man” in defense of the French Revolution.

Which Enlightenment philosophy contributed to the French Revolution ?

• anarch rights

• Laizzaie faire

• Njoboo art

• social contract

The painting shows Catherine the Great in the Russian national costume, circa 1780. The

Empress became a patron of women’s education in Russia throughout the 18th century and

created separate boarding schools for both boys and girls.

• John-Jaques Rouseau

• Montesquieu

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• John Locke

King Philip II ruled Spain from 1556 to 1598; Portugal from 1580 to 1598; Naples and Sicily from

1554 to 1598; and ruled the Netherlands from 1555 until the Dutch Republic declared

independence in 1581.

The Enlightenment was a reaction to what political philosophy?

• absolutism

• democracy

• communism

• anarchy

The graphic shows the three branches that divide the functions and powers of government in

the United States.

Which Enlightenment philosopher proposed separation of powers as the best way to protect

liberty?

• John Jaques-Rousseau

• Mary Wollstonecraft

• Voltaire

• Montesquieu

This illustration shows Adam Smith, the author of The Wealth of Nations. Which statement describes the Enlightenment economic philosophy of laissez-faire?

• Businesses should be free to operate with little to no interference from the government

• Privately owned businesses should operate with complete oversight from local

  governments.

• Only enlightened despots should be allowed to influence a country’s economy.

• Unequal distribution of property was caused by corrupotion of society