Science Olympiad Astronomy

Identify the part of the spectral classification that indicates the Sun’s approximate temperature.

• M3

• G2

• B1

• F2

Identify the approximate temperature range for a G2 star

• 3250-5065 K

• 10,000 - 20,000 K

• 25,000 K

• 5700-5900 K

The remaining portion of the spectral type identifies the Yerkes luminosity class. Based on the remaining portion, name what kind of luminosity class the Sun is.

• White Dwarf

• Main Sequence

• Red Giant

• Blue Super Giant

Most white dwarf stars have what two elements in them? Select two answers.

• Carbon

• Oxygen

• Helium

• Magnesium

White dwarves uphold themselves due to electron degeneracy pressure. Electrons are forced to go to higher energy levels when lower energy levels fill up because of what quantum principle?

• Reissner-Nordstrom Principle

• Hawking radiation Principle

• Chandrasekhar Limit Principle

• Pauli Exclusion Principle

Since white dwarves usually blow up at the specific threshold of 1.44 solar masses every time, this makes a particular type of explosion useful in calculating distance. What’s the name of this upper mass limit for white dwarves?

• Kerr-Newman

• Schwarzschild Limit

• Chandrasekhar Limit

• Pauli Exclusion Limit

Since white dwarves usually blow up at the specific threshold of 1.44 solar masses every time, this makes a particular type of explosion useful in calculating distance. What type of explosion can be used as a standard candle?

• Pair-instability supernova

• Hypernova

• Type II Supernova

• Type Ia Supernova

Usually, what initial mass in solar masses must a Main Sequence star have to guarantee the inevitable formation of a black hole?

• 40

• 30

• 20

• 8

It’s theorized that black holes can evaporate. Arbitrary particles can slowly start to escape the event horizon of a black hole if they summon right at the horizon. It is then emitted as what kind of radiation?

• Chandrasekhar radiation

• Hawking radiation

• Pauli Exclusion radiation

• Reissner-Nordstrom radiation

There are two other properties that we can measure in a black hole: Electric charge and angular momentum. If you have both angular momentum and charge on a given black hole, then what type of black hole do you have?

• Kerr

• Reissner-Nordstrom

• Schwarzschild

• Kerr-Newman