Meiosis Test Practice

Which of the following best describes meiosis?

• It is carried out in ALL tissues that require cell replacement.

• It occurs only in cells in the reproductive structures of the organsism.

• It happens in all tissues except the brain and spinal cord.

• It is the first stage of mitosis.

Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes "crossing over" is accurate?

• Occurs during prophase 1 of meiosis and increases genetic variation.

• Occurs during prophase 2 of meiosis and increases genetic variation.

• Occurs during metaphase 1 of meiosis and reduces the probability of mutations.

• Occurs during metaphase 2 of meiosis and reduces the chromosome number.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Here is a picture of Prophase II of meiosis. What occurs during this phase?

• Homologous chromosomes "cross over" and the nuclear membrane breaks down.

• The chromosomes line up along the equator of the cell.

• The spindle fibers fibers reappear and the nuclear membrane breaks down.

• The chromosomes are pulled apart to opposite poles of th cell.

Independent assortment of chromosomes is a result of

• The random segregation of the sister chromatids to the two daughter cells during anaphase II.

• The random nature of fertilization of the egg by the sperm.

• The relatively small degree of similarities shared by the X and Y chromosomes.

• The random independent way in which each pair of homologous chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate during meiosis I.

From the following descriptions about the essential steps of meiosis, which of the following most logically illustrates the sequence of meiosis?

1. formation of four new nuclei 2. alignment of homologous chromosomes at the metaphase plate 3. separation of sister chromatids 4. crossing over of homologous chromosomes

• 4, 2, 1, 3

• 1, 2, 3, 4

• 4, 2, 3, 1

• 2, 4, 3, 1

Which of the following best describes how meiosis contributes to genetic variation?

• Increase in the rate of reproduction with each generation.

• Produces a new individual different from either parent.

• Decreases the risk of lethal mutations being transmitted.

• Forms new proteins that can resist environmental change.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Mitosis and meiosis are both processes involved in reproduction. Which statement correctly compares mitosis and meiosis?

• Mitosis and meiosis both produce genetic variation within their daughter cells.

• Mitosis results in the production of two genetically identical diploid (2n) cells and meiosis produces four different haploid (n) cells.

• Mitosis and meiosis are both divided into only four distinct phases.

• Mitosis results in the production of two genetically identical diploid (2n) cells and meiosis produces four genetically identical haploid (n) cells.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following accurately describes the processes indicated?

• Sperm and egg form via mitosis and an embryo grows via meiosis.

• Eggs form via mitosis while sperm form via meiosis.

• Eggs form via meiosis while spem form via mitosis.

• Sperm and egg form via meiosis and an embryo grows via mitosis.

Answer explanation

Remember that reproductive cells (gametes) are formed via meiosis and that body cells (somatic cells) are formed via mitosis.

When an embryo grows, its body cells are being developed.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS3-2

Which of the following statements best describes a difference between mitosis and fertilization?

• Mitosis produces unique gametes while fertilization produces identical gametes or clones.

• Mitosis produces identical haploid (n) cells while fertilization produces different or unique haploid cells.

• Mitosis produces identical somatic (body cells) while fertilization produces a unique zygote (sperm + egg).

• Mitosis increases genetic variation in the next generation while meiosis will decrease genetic variation.

Mitosis and meiosis are processes that occur in an organism during reproduction. Which of the following is a result of mitosis?

• two identical daughter cells

• four identical daughter cells

• a single (1) diploid cell that is genetically identical to the parent cell.

• four haploid cells that have genetic variation.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-4