Research Chapter 2

Babylonians and Egyptians, > 3000 years ago

• numerical methods for generating tables of square roots, multiplication, trigonometry

• geometry & logic

• Applications: navigation, agriculture, taxation

• agriculture & war

Greeks, > 3000 years ago

• Applications: navigation, agriculture, taxation

• geometry & logic

• agriculture & war

• algorithms

Chinese, > 5000 years

• agriculture & war

• algorithms

• started using placeholders and a decimal number system, similar to modern ones.

Indians, ∼ 600 AD

• started using placeholders and a decimal number system, similar to modern ones.

• idea spread to middle east

• algorithms

• numerical methods for generating tables of square roots, multiplication, trigonometry

Arabs & Persians, ∼ 800 AD

• geometry & logic

• agriculture & war

• algorithms

• numerical methods for generating tables of square roots, multiplication, trigonometry

1. A Famous Arab Mathematician

2. In early 800s AD

3. Worked at center of learning in Baghdad

• Sayyid Abbas Al Maliki bin Abdul Aziz Al Maliki

• Adnan Khashoggi

• Abu Jafar Mohammed Ibn M¯us¯a Al-Khw¯arizmi

• Muhammad bin Abdullah as-Sabil

Abu Jafar Mohammed Ibn M¯us¯a Al-Khw¯arizmi

Wrote book: Hisab Al Jabr Wal-Mugabalah:

The book describe about ?

Translated in?

• Translated into Arab, spread throughout Saudi Arabia

• Described how to compute several practical problems, including linear and quadratic equations

• Translated into Latin, spread throughout Europe

• Described how to repair computer, and architecture computer

Al Jabr gives us the word “algebra”.

Al-Khw¯arizmi gives us the word ?

• research

• mathematic

• algotrithm

• linear probing

The ______________ was developed in 3000 BC, and was basically beads on rods to count and was used to calculate, has upper and lower deck. It developed and adapted over time by different nations/countries. The first calculating device.

• Abacus

• Vacuum Tubes

• Slide Rule

• Pascaline

1617: Sticks with numbers on them,

use to do 4 basic arithmetic operations

• Blaise Pascal

• William Oughtred’s Slide Rule

• John Napier’s bones

• Gottfried Leibniz