Cell signalling GPCRs

GPCRs are also called ___ receptors

• 7TM
• ATM
• 7AM
• GTM

In the cAMP-PKA pathway, ___ is the effector protein.

• cAMP

• Protein Kinase A

• Adenylyl cyclase

• Phospholipase C

Increase in cAMP activates the transcription of specific genes that contain a regulatory sequence called the ___.

• cAMP response element
• cGMP response element
• CREB
• Direct repeat element

Diacylglycerol is hydrophilic and enters the cytoplasm.

• True
• False

cGMP is a second messenger

• True
• False

Rearrange the steps involved in the initiation of Ca2+ flux by Epinephrine.

• Phospholipase C catalyzes cleavage of PIP2 to DAG & IP3

• Kinases converts phosphatidylinositol (PI) to PIP2

• Inositol trisphosphate (IP3) binds to ligand-gated Ca2+ channels

• Ca2+ is released from intracellular stores in the SER and mitochondria

___ family members contain Gα subunits that activate PLC-β.

• G_q
• G_s
• G_i
• G₁₃

Which enzyme is activated by cAMP in the signaling pathway?

• Protein kinase A

• Phospholipase C

• Glycogen synthase

• Adenylyl cyclase

What is the primary function of phospholipase C in cell signaling?

• To phosphorylate glycogen synthase

• To degrade cAMP

• To produce inositol trisphosphate

• To activate protein kinase A

Which G protein subunit is primarily involved in activating adenylyl cyclase?

• G_i

• G_s

• G_q

• G₁₂