American History Final Exam Review

Which of the following was the most pressing problem facing Great Britain after the French and Indian War?

• Hostile Indian tribes in the Ohio Country

• A large war debt

• Economic hard times and unemployment in Britain

• Establishing legal authority over French settlers along the St. Lawrence River

The Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution to

• Protect social liberties

• Make the Constitution Flexible

• Make all citizens equal under law

• Limit the power of just the Judicial Branch

How did the Supreme Court case Marbury v. Madison case affect the distribution of power in the Federal Government? 

• This case expanded the powers of Congress in recognizing the Judiciary Act as Constitutional 

• This case expanded the power of the judicial branch by establishing judicial review for the Supreme Court

• This case expanded the power of the legislative branch by demanding Congress control interstate commerce

• This case expanded the power of the Executive branch by acknowledging the President’s power to appoint judges

In 1830, the U.S. government forced American Indians to leave their homes in the Southeast for new territory in the West. How did this forced migration, called the “Trail of Tears,” affect the development of the United States? 

• At the expanse of the American Indians, more territory became available for White Settlement

• Trade increased between American Indians and The United States

• There was a lasting peace between the American Indians and the United States

• Land Disputes between the US Government and the American Indians were resolved

Manifest Destiny was the belief that…

• The territorial expansion of the United States was inevitable, divinely ordained, and just

• The United States should Fulfill its mission as expressed in the Articles of Confederation

• The United States should pledge its support to oppressed people in Mexico

• War with Canada and Mexico was necessary and desirable

How did the ruling by the U.S. Supreme Court in Dred Scott v. Sandford (1857) increased sectional tension in the United States?

• The decision supported the Missouri Compromise, which Southern farmers considered an unfair benefit for the West

• The ruling declared that regardless of location, slaves were NOT citizens, which Northerners viewed as a violation of state law and human rights

• The decision struck down the power of Congress to prohibit slavery in the territories, eliminating the economic advantages of Southern Planters

• The ruling emancipated slaves when taken in to free territories, which Southern slave owners saw as an illegal seizure of property

How was Abraham Lincoln’s victory in the 1860 presidential election a turning point in American history? 

• Lincoln won the electoral vote, but not the popular vote.

• A coalition of Whigs, Know-Nothings, and Democrats ran a strong third-party candidate.

• There was a tie in the Electoral College and the House of Representatives chose Lincoln as president.

• Lincoln’s victory prompted Southern secession and the Civil War that followed.

How did the outcome of the Civil War change the distribution of power and authority between the United States and the state governments? 

• The Southern states redefined the doctrine of states′ rights despite the outcome of the war.

• The Southern states separated from the Union, thereby confirming their right to do so.

• The Union agreed to allow nullification as a precondition to ending the war.

• The Union victory reinforced the supremacy of the federal government over the states.

What was the purpose of poll taxes, literacy tests, and grandfather clauses enacted by Southern state legislatures in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

• To attract Northern investment capital

• To prevent interracial marriage

• To take away rights from African Americans

• To prevent African Americans from migrating north

In 1893, Annexationists plotted to overthrow the Hawaiian Government for which of the following reasons?

• To avoid paying the new American tariff on Sugar

• To provoke a war between the US and Japan

• To place Queen Liliuokalani in power

• To keep more Chineses and Japanese from migrating to Hawaii