CSA #4 review

The illustration compares the early and late development of embryos of a fish, a pig, and a human.

What feature is present at the early development stage but present in only one animal at the later development stage?

• eye

• tail

• gill slits

• spine

Based on the relative positions of the fossils, which of the following conclusions is best supported by this fossil evidence?

• Auritimidae was the last trilobite to appear.

• Remopleiridae appeared before Auritimidae.

• Cyclopygidae appeared after Ceratopigidae.

• Cyclopygidae was the first trilobite to appear.

Which of the four fossils would be the most useful as a reference to determine the age of newly discovered fossils?

• a

• b

• c

• d

Which type of structures are shown below?

• Analogous

• Homologous

• Organs

• Tissues

Comparing the embryos of different organisms can show relationships that can’t be seen when comparing the adult organism. Why is this the case?

• Each embryo is unique; even embryos of organisms of the same species can be different.

• When observing embryos, microscopes can be used to reveal more detail.

• Embryos can have parts that are not present in the adult organism.

• Fully formed organisms are sometimes missing limbs or other body parts.

Whales, which live in the water, have hips. These structures are important for carrying the weight of animals that walk on land. Finding this body part in animals that don’t walk on land is best explained how?

• Whales have evolved this structure because it might be useful in the future.

• Whales are able to interbreed with other animals that have hips.

• Whales have a diet that includes other animals that have this structure.

• Whales share a common ancestor with animals that walk on land.

Chimpanzees have many similarities to New World monkeys, but lack a tail.

The best evidence for an ancestral relationship between chimpanzees and New World monkeys comes from what observation of the embryonic development of these animals?

• While their embryos start out similar in size, chimpanzees grow much larger.

• The tail of the embryo of a New World monkey is very small.

• The embryos of both animals develop in a period of a several months.

• At an early stage of development, chimpanzee embryos have tails.

What is box A?

• human

• bullfrog

• vertebrate

• fins

This diagram provides information on the diversity, in number of species, for four major groups of animals over time.

What is the only group that experienced an increase of diversity between 413 million years ago and 265 million years ago?

• Mollusks

• Arthropods

• Echinoderms

• Chordates

What is box b?

• Human

• bullfrog

• vertebrate

• fins