What causes genetic variation in meiosis?

Chromosomes lining up in Metaphase I

DNA wrapped around histone proteins

One of the main reasons genes assort independent of one another is that

They are on different chromosomes

They are on the same chromosome

In humans, hemophilia is an X-linked recessive trait. If a man and a woman have a son who is affected with hemophilia, which of the following is definitely true?

The mother carries an allele for hemophilia

The father carries an allele for hemophilia

The father is afflicted with hemophilia

Both parents carry an allele for hemophilia

A researcher crossed a male Drosophila melanogaster having a gray body and long wings with a female D. melanogaster having a black body and apterous wings. The following distribution of traits was observed in the offspring. What conclusion is supported by the data?

Genes for the two traits are located close together on the same chromosome, and little crossing over occurred between the two gene loci

The alleles for gray body and long wings are dominant

The alleles for gray body and long wings are recessive

Genes for the two traits are located on two different chromosomes, and independent assortment occurred

Butterflies of the genus Colias live in the Rocky Mountains, where they experience a wide range of temperatures. Different variants of a particular glycolytic enzyme in the flight muscles are optimally active at different temperatures. Within the same population, some individual butterflies fly most effectively at 29⁰C, while others fly most effectively at 40⁰C. Still others can be equally active at both temperatures. Which of the following claims is most consistent with the observed butterfly behavior?

Butterflies that express two variants of the enzyme are active over a greater range of temperature

Butterflies that are active over a wide range of temperatures produce greater amounts of the enzyme

Temperature has little effect on the activity of butterflies

Butterflies that are active at warmer temperatures produce more offspring

A male fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) with red eyes and long wings was mated with a female with purple eyes and vestigial wings. All of the offspring in the F1 generation had red eyes and long wings. These F1 flies were test crossed with purple-eyed, vestigial-winged flies. Their offspring, the F2 generation, appeared as indicated. If in the F1 and F2 generations the same characteristics appeared in both males and females, it would be safe to assume that these traits for eye color and wing length are

Follow the Mendelian rule of independent assortment

How do you find degrees of freedom?

One less than the possible phenotypes

One less than the possible genotypes

How do you find the expected number in a chi-square analysis?

Ratio from Punnett square multiplied to total

Ratio from Punnett square divided by total

Ratio from Punnett square multiplied by observed number

Ratio from Punnett square minus observed number

Why are the processes of independent assortment, segregation, and crossing over important for a species' fitness and survival?

They increase genetic variation in a population

They prevent mutations from being passed down

They help speed up natural selection

What can scientists determine by using the recombination frequency of two genes?

Whether or not the genes are linked and their relative position on the chromosome

How many chromosomes will be present in the gamete

Whether or not the gene is recessive or dominant

If two individuals are unaffected by a recessive disorder, yet they had a child with the disorder. What must be true of the parents?

The parents are both heterozygous

The parents' gametes contained a mutation

One parent was a carrier for the disorder

One parent had to be homozygous

When will you reject the null hypothesis in a Chi-square test?

When the test statistic is greater than the value on the Chi-square table

When you found no correlation between the variables

When the test statistic is less than the value on the Chi-square table

When the observed values are very close to the expected values

How can you determine if genes are linked or not by looking at the phenotypes of parents and their offspring?

The genes will be inherited together greater than 50% of the time

The genes will be inherited separately the majority of the time

The genes will be inherited together less than 50% of the time

This cannot be determined by observation

How is it possible that genetically identical organisms can express different phenotypes?

Due to epigenetic factors that can affect gene expression

Genotypes do not play a role in determining phenotypes

This can only result from a mutation

How can a person's muscle cells have the exact same DNA sequences as their nerve cells even though they look and perform completely different?

The proteins expressed in each cell are different

The two different cells become mutated

They actually have different DNA in the two types of cells

The genome of the different cells changes

AP Biology Unit 5 Review

Authored by Jill Mc

Biology

12th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 14+ times

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57 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is #1 called?

Chromosome

Centromere

Sister chromatid

Chromatin

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is #2 called?

Centromere

Chromosome

Chromatid

Homologous chromosome

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is #3 called?

Chromosome

Homologous chromosome

Sister chromatids

Chromatid

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

What is #4 called?

Chromosome

Sister chromatids

Centromere

Homologous chromosomes

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How many chromosomes are in this picture?

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 1 pt

How many pairs of homologous chromosomes are in this picture?

The chromosomes in the red frame are called __. And the sex of this human is .

Sex chromosomes; male

Autosomes; male

Sex chromosomes; female

Autosomes; female

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