Thinking and Intelligence

Any item or object that is an example of a given concept

• Cognition

• Concept

• Prototype

• Exemplar

Processes of thought such as attending, knowing, remembering, and making decisions.

• Cognition

• Concept

• Prototype

• Exemplar

 A mental representation of the “best example” of a concept.

• Cognition

• Concept

• Prototype

• Exemplar

A mental representation of objects and categories.

• Cognition

• Concept

• Prototype

• Exemplar

A concept without clearly defined characteristics.

• Formal

• Natural

A concept with clearly defined characteristics.

• Formal

• Natural

Type of heuristic that is readily available and based on prior knowledge/memory.

• Availability

• Representative

Type of heuristic that is based on a stereotype given by societal norms.

• Availability

• Representative

The way an issue is posed or worded can change our judgments or decisions.

• Confirmation Bias

• Cognitive Dissonance

• Framing

When our actions do not match our beliefs, we tend to create an excuse to relieve our feelings of discomfort.

• Confirmation Bias

• Cognitive Dissonance

• Framing