Immunity

After an initial infection, B-cells recognize the measles virus. How is this helpful in human immune response? 

• The B-cells use this recognition to defend the body against other pathogens, such as bacteria.
•  The B-cells more quickly recognize and respond to any other virus that invades the body.
• The B-cells produce antibodies more quickly if the measles virus is encountered again.
• The B-cells transfer this recognition to T-cells, which will then devour the viruses.

Weakened microbes that stimulate the immune system to produce antibodies used to fight future invasions by the same microbe. Example: chicken pox, measles, small pox

• Vaccine

• Disease

• Immunity

A condition in which a person's immune system is overly sensitive to environmental substances that are normally harmless.

• Allergy

• Antigen

• Bacteria

• Virus

Which is an example of passive immunity?

• people being vaccinated against disease
• people taking vitamins to boost their immune response
• people receiving antibodies from their mothers before birth
• people producing antibodies against organisms that cause diseases they have had previosuly

What is the main purpose of the immune system?

• support the body through bones and muscles
• get rid of waste from the body
• protect the body from pathogens
• move blood through the body

What happens after the second time you are exposed to a pathogen?

• The body will not be able to fight off the pathogen quickly, because it knows how to get into the body easier.

• The body's immune system will react the same was as it did during the first exposure.

• The body can only be exposed to a pathogen a second time if you do not have a vaccine.

• The body will know how to fight off the pathogen quickly, because memory cells have been created after the first encounter.

How do T cells differ from B cells?

• T cells fight pathogens by killing pathogens directly, while B cells fight pathogens by making antibodies.

• T cells only make memory cells, and B cells only make antigens

• T cells fight pathogens by making antibodies, while B cells fight pathogens by killing pathogens directly.

• T cells can only fight off pathogens the body has encountered once, and B cells can fight off any pathogen the body comes across.

The diagnostic test for HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, involves testing the blood for antibodies associated with this pathogen. Antibodies are produced when the body

• stimulates enzyme production

• secretes specific hormones

• detects foreign antigens

• synthesizes microbes

When people receive organ transplants, they often need to take medications that decrease immune responses because

• transplanted organs contain antigens that can trigger white blood cell activity

• hormones present in replacement organs prevent the synthesis of antibiotics

• transplanted organs produce their own antibiotics

• antigens present in these organs attack antibodies already present in the blood

It is recommended that people at risk for serious flu complications be vaccinated so that their bodies will produce

• antigens to fight the flu virus

• antibodies against the flu virus

• toxins to fight the infection caused by the flu virus

• antibiotics to reduce symptoms caused by the flu virus