Energy and Waves Final Review

Tim is making a bowl of chicken noodle soup. He puts his metal spoon in the soup and waits for the soup to cool down. After a few minutes, the soup is cool enough to eat. Tim finds that the spoon is hot when he touches it. Which of the following statements is true?

• Energy is transferred from the soup to the air, causing the soup's temperature to decrease.

• Energy is transferred from the air to the spoon, causing the spoon's temperature to increase.

• Energy is transferred from the soup to the metal spoon, causing the spoon's temperature to increase.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-4

NGSS.MS-PS3-4

A boy on a tricycle starts from rest on a flat sidewalk. The boy begins to pedal as fast as he can. Which statement explains how energy changes as the boy pedals and the tricycle moves?

• The energy stored in the boy's body is converted only into thermal energy.

• The energy stored in the boy's body is transferred to the potential energy of the tricycle.

• The energy stored in the boy's body is converted into the kinetic energy of the tricycle.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Fill in the blanks

The students are playing hockey on skates on a concrete surface.

The puck is heading directly towards one of the goals, but the goalkeeper stops it. Her teammates cheer, but the goalkeeper says it was easy because most of the 1. ________ energy of the puck's motion turned into 2. _________ energy as it slid across the pavement. The evidence is the warmth of the puck and the ground. The correct explanation for this is that 3__________

The ball starts from the top of the hill at point A. Then the ball rolls down the hill, into a valley, to point D. The ball continues to roll up another hill to point F. After reaching point F, the ball stops and rolls back to the valley.

Select the two sentences that correctly describe the energy of the ball.

• The potential energy is highest and the kinetic energy is lowest at point A

• The potential energy is highest and the kinetic energy is lowest at point D

• Point F is lower than point A because some of the ball's kinetic energy was transferred to the hill.

• Point F is lower than point A because some of the ball's kinetic energy was destroyed due to contact with the hill.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A cyclist has four bicycles. The mass of each bicycle is as follows: Road bike 1 weighs 14 kg; Road bike 2 weighs 10 kg; Mountain bike 1 weighs 22 kg; Mountain bike 2 weighs 20 kg. The cyclist rides each bicycle at the same speed on the same road. What shows the kinetic energy of the bicycles, from greatest to least?

Choose the correct answer.

• Mountain bike 2, Mountain bike 1, Road bike 2, Road bike 1

• Road bike 2, Road bike 1, Mountain bike 2, Mountain bike 1

• Mountain bike 1, Mountain bike 2, Road bike 1, Road bike 2

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Which statement describes the relationship between kinetic energy and the speed of the race car shown in the graph?

• As speed increases, kinetic energy remains the same.

• As speed increases, kinetic energy increases at a constant rate.

• As speed increases, kinetic energy increases and the rate of change increases.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

The student throws a ball. He throws the ball with his left hand. The ball passes over his head. He catches it with his right hand. The picture shows the path of the ball.

When the ball is above his hand but has not yet passed over his head, which of the following statements will be true?

• Potential energy increases while kinetic energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy is zero, and potential energy is at its maximum.

• Kinetic energy increases while potential energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy and potential energy remain the same.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student throws a ball. She throws the ball with her left hand. The ball passes over her head. She catches it with her right hand. The picture shows the path of the ball.

When the ball is directly above the head, which of the following statements will be true?

• Potential energy increases while kinetic energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy increases while potential energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy and potential energy remain the same.

• Kinetic energy is zero, and potential energy is at its maximum.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

A student throws a ball. She throws the ball with her left hand. The ball passes over her head. She catches it with her right hand. The picture shows the path of the ball.

When the ball starts to descend, which of the following statements will be true?

• Potential energy increases while kinetic energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy increases while potential energy decreases.

• Kinetic energy and potential energy remain the same.

• Kinetic energy is zero, and potential energy is at its maximum.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-2

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

The graph shows a cart moving freely along a track.

What happens to the energy of the cart as it moves from the top of the hill to the bottom of the hill in the graph?

• Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.

• Kinetic energy is converted to potential energy.

• Both potential energy and kinetic energy remain the same.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5