Thermodynamics Unit Test

Match the law of thermodynamics with its definition.

• Entropy of a system increases.

• 0th Law of Thermodynamics

• Objects in contact will eventually reach thermal equilibrium.

• 1st Law of Thermodynamics

• A system's entropy approaches a constant value as its temperature approaches absolute zero.

• 2nd Law of Thermodynamics

• Energy lost by a system is equal to the energy gained by its surroundings.

• 3rd Law of Thermodynamics

Which law of thermodynamics best explains why ice melts and tea cools to the same temperature when the ice is placed in a cup of hot tea?

• 0th Law

• 1st Law

• 2nd Law

• 3rd Law

What is the correct formula for the 1st Law of Thermodynamics?

• H = Q + W

Which of the following technologies best follows the first law of thermodynamics?

• Internal combustion engine

• Swimming pool

• Coffee cup

• Batteries

An inventor claims to have made an internal combustion engine that manages to convert 1000 J of chemical energy into 1400 J of mechanical energy. This would violate the law of conservation of…

• Mass

• Momentum

• Energy

• Charge

There are three main types of thermal energy transfer. ​ (a)   involves transfer of energy via direct contact of objects. ​ (b)   involves the circulation of liquid or gas to transfer energy. ​ (c)   relies on electromagnetic waves that travel through space.

• Conduction
• Convection
• Radiation

Which of the following heat energy transfers is the best example of transfer via conduction?

• Rising hot air meeting cool air to cause a thunderstorm

• Eggs frying on a hot pan

• Fire roasting a marshmallow

• The Sun warming a window

Why does it take less time to cook brownies in a glass dish than in a metal dish?

• Radiation passes through the clear glass to the batter but is absorbed by the metal.

• The metal is better at conduction.

• The convection currents work better with a glass pan.

Convection currents arise because ​ (a)   fluid rises and ​ (b)   fluid sinks.

• hotter, less dense
• cooler, more dense

An ice cube tray is removed from a freezer. What happens to the ice?

• The ice melts because thermal energy flows into it from the surroundings.

• The ice melts because it loses thermal energy into the surroundings.

• The ice melts because it no longer has energy from the freezer.

• The ice does not melt.