Unit 4 Quiz topics 4.4, 4.5, 4.8, 4.9, 4.10

The Berlin Conference established the borders of North African countries including Egypt, Libya, and Sudan. The landscape of these countries influenced the types of boundaries imposed by the European colonial powers. Which of the following boundary types best explains the influence of landscape on the political borders of the North African region?

• Consequent, accounting for local differences in language and religion during European colonization

• Subsequent, with smaller buffer states placed between larger states to prevent political conflicts

• Antecedent, based on tribal cultural boundaries that existed before European colonization

• Geometric, with straight lines, disregarding physical features or tribal cultural differences of the areas

• Natural, with irregular lines, accounting for regional physical features such as mountains or water bodies

The Philippines and Malaysia lay claim to resources under and around the Spratly Islands. Which of the following best explains how the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) influences claims to the islands by both countries?

• The Philippines and Malaysia both claim the islands lie within their territorial seas up to 12 nautical miles from their coasts

• The claims to the Spratly Islands by both the Philippines and Malaysia overlap due to exclusive economic zones up to 200 nautical miles from their coasts.

• The claims to the islands by the Philippines and Malaysia overlap due to the median line principle

• The Philippines and Malaysia both claim ownership to the resources based on a historic possession of the islands

Which of the following best explains the governance of the shaded areas shown on the map?

• These areas show territory occupied by indigenous peoples as stateless nations at a local scale

• These areas are established as nation-states for indigenous peoples at the local scale

• These areas are lands of indigenous peoples that are sovereign independent states at an international scale

• These areas show where indigenous peoples have a limited amount of self-government at a national scale.

The former international border between East Germany and West Germany is best described as

• a relict boundary

• an open border

• an antecedent boundary

• a geometric boundary

Which of the following describes an example of a consequent boundary?

• The Berlin Wall between East and West Germany no longer exists, but the location is still evident

• Canada created the province of Nunavut to provide greater autonomy for the First Nations

• The Andes Mountains are used as a political boundary to divide Chile and Argentina.

• European powers divided Africa at the Berlin Conference and drew boundaries across the continent

Which of the following is an example of a superimposed boundary?

• The Great Wall of China

• The border of the European Union

• The geometric boundary between Iraq and Saudi Arabia

• The Pyrenees Mountains between France and Spain

Based on the data in the table, which of the following is a possible impact of ethnic and religious diversity in Iraq?

• Ethnicity and religion facilitate democratization in the country by motivating participation in elections.

• Ethnicity and religion increase cultural cohesion in the country by promoting shared political ideology

• Ethnicity and religion promote economic development in the country by generating national pride in the country’s accomplishments.

• Ethnicity and religion lead to devolutionary pressures in the country by politically dividing regions

Based on the map, which of the following best explains the implications of physical geography as the Kurds continue to struggle for an independent state in their ethnic homeland?

• Most areas with a Kurdish majority population are landlocked and therefore dependent on good relationships with their neighbors in order to access trade and prosper economically.

• Even in areas with a Kurdish minority population, Kurdish people have their own unique culture and identity separately from the states in which their nation is located.

• In September 2017 a public referendum was carried out that demonstrated that a majority of Kurds overwhelmingly support independence.

• Unstable oil prices have created economic problems both in parts of the region with a Kurdish majority population and in parts with a Kurdish minority, leaving the Kurdistan Regional Government weakened and struggling to pay off debt. 

Which of the following possible political effects is implied by the data in the table?

• The low level of economic difference between regions in Italy acts as a centripetal force holding the state together.

• The country’s high level of economic development acts as a centripetal force holding the state together

• The high level of economic difference between the regions in Italy acts as a devolutionary force.

• The low level of economic difference between regions in Italy promotes devolutionary movements in some parts of Italy.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of devolutionary movements in Spain and Canada?

• Both independence movements focus on religious differences with the nations they currently belong to.

• There is an economic aspect to the Catalan independence movement, while the Quebecois focus mainly on cultural differences.

• There is an economic aspect to the Quebecois independence movement, while the Catalans focus mainly on culture.

• Both independence movements utilize economic power as their main reason for seeking independence.