Marine Diesel Engine

When analyzing the PV diagram of the Ideal Gas Cycle, which process primarily represents **heat addition at constant volume**?

• Isothermal compression

• Isobaric expansion

• Isochoric heat addition

• Adiabatic compression

Comparing an actual diesel cycle with the Ideal Gas Cycle, the major deviation is due to:

• Constant entropy processes

• Heat losses and friction

• Perfect adiabatic compression

• Equal compression ratios

Analyzing the Ideal Gas Cycle, what does the enclosed area of the PV diagram represent?

• Fuel efficiency

• Cylinder capacity

• Net work output

• Air–fuel ratio

In terms of cycle analysis, why is the Ideal Gas Cycle considered a theoretical model?

• It accounts for real friction

• It neglects irreversibilities

• It includes incomplete combustion

• It measures volumetric efficiency

Which factor most significantly reduces the accuracy of Ideal Gas Cycle analysis for real marine engines?

• High compression ratio

• Constant heat addition

• Heat transfer to surroundings

• Reversible adiabatic expansion

By analyzing the thermal efficiency formula of the Otto Cycle, which parameter is most critical?

• Fuel heating value

• Compression ratio

• Engine bore size

• Crankshaft speed

In comparing diesel and Otto cycles under the Ideal Gas Cycle framework, the key difference lies in:

• Compression ratio applied

• Heat addition process

• Air–fuel ratio

• PV diagram loop size

Analyzing the four-stroke Ideal Cycle, the exhaust stroke’s role is to:

• Compress mixture further

• Provide additional power

• Remove combustion gases

• Store kinetic energy

When analyzing energy transfer, which best differentiates an internal combustion engine (ICE) from an external combustion engine (ECE)?

• Fuel burns inside the cylinder in ICE but outside in ECE

• Both burn fuel outside

• ICE always uses steam as the medium

• ECE does not involve heat

From an efficiency perspective, why are ICEs generally more compact than ECEs?

• They operate at lower compression

• Direct energy transfer eliminates steam cycle losses

• They require larger boilers

• They store energy longer