Psych Module 27

a chamber containing a bar or key that an animal can manipulate to obtain a food or water reinforcer attached devices record the animal’s rate of bar pressing or pecking.

• The Operant Chamber

• Shaping

• Discriminative Stimulus

An operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcement guides behavior toward closer approximations of the desired behavior. (also called Successive Approximations)

• The Operant Chamber

• Shaping

• Discriminative Stimulus

a stimulus that elicits a response after association with reinforcement.

• The Operant Chamber

• Shaping

• Discriminative Stimulus

Any stimulus that when presented after a response strengthens the response.  It increases the behaviors

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Primary Reinforcers

• Conditioned Reinforcers

Any stimulus that when removed after a response strengthens the response.

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Primary Reinforcers

• Conditioned Reinforcers

Innately reinforcing stimuli such as those that satisfy a biological need (food, Pain Relief)

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Primary Reinforcers

• Conditioned Reinforcers

Stimuli that gains their reinforcing power through their learned association with primary reinforcer. (money, good grades, a pleasant tone of voice.)

• Positive Reinforcement

• Negative Reinforcement

• Primary Reinforcers

• Conditioned Reinforcers

reinforcement occurs after a set number of responses.

One free coffee after 10 purchases

• Fixed Ratio Schedule

• Fixed Interval Schedule

• Variable Ratio Schedule

• Variable interval schedule

Reinforcement occurs after a set length of time

Mail arriving at 2pm every day

• Fixed Ratio Schedule

• Fixed Interval Schedule

• Variable Ratio Schedule

• Variable interval schedule

Reinforcement occurs after an unpredictable number of responses

Payoff on slot machine after a varying number of play

• Fixed Ratio Schedule

• Fixed Interval Schedule

• Variable Ratio Schedule

• Variable interval schedule