Theorist & Research Methods Review Human Growth and Dev

Which is true of Maslow’s hierarchy?

• everyone reaches the top of the hierarchy at some point in life

• before you reach another level the ones below need to be satisfactorily taken care of

• you may skip over some of the levels

• you cannot move up AND down the hierarchy

The hierarchy of needs is based on an individual’s personal basis only.  What happens in their family and society has no effect on their individual hierarchy.

• true

• false

If a woman shakes a can of rocks to make a loud noise to stop her dog from barking, what is this according to Skinner’s theory?

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Negative punishment

Teachers who take away reading homework for the night when the class reaches their reading goal is using what part of Skinner’s operant conditioning theory?

• Positive reinforcement

• Negative reinforcement

• Positive punishment

• Negative punishment

When a person moves around a lot and doesn’t have the opportunity to date very much, they are having trouble developing in this stage of Erikson’s theory.

• Generativity v. stagnation

• Autonomy v. shame and doubt

• Integrity v. despair

• Intimacy v isolation

Children who learn that they have responsibilities in doing chores at home and work at school are in this stage of Erikson’s theory.

• Industry v. inferiority

• Identity v. inferiority

• Initiative v. guilt

• Integrity v. despair

A person was in an abusive relationship for a long time and every time their spouse drank alcohol, they got abused. Now whenever the person sees others drinking alcohol they feel depressed and anxious. What is the stimulus in this example according to Watson’s theory?

• feeling depressed and anxious

• the long term relationship

• spouse drunk and being abusive

• the drinking of alcohol

Is it possible to have a conditioned response after experiencing a stimulus only once?

• it’s possible if the stimulus - response was influential enough to cause unconscious learning

• yes, any stimulus can cause a response after only one exposure

• no, the stimulus - response must be repeated

According to Freud, if you found a math assignment on the ground from the exact same math class you are in, the Superego would do what with it?

• not look at it and give it to the teacher or the owner

• take a quick peek at some of the answers but only to compare and then give it to the teacher or owner

• keep it and copy the answers

Which of Freud’s mechanisms would be controlling your decision if you wanted to take some of your younger brother’s Halloween candy without him knowing but you made sure you only took a piece that you knew he wouldn’t like.

• Id

• Superego

• Ego