Industrial Revolution STAAR Review #2

After the War of 1812, thousands of settlers and immigrants moved to the western frontiers of the United States in search of farming and business opportunities. In response, the government began building roads. This transportation network was intended to —

• promote the free-enterprise system

• establish federal control over industry

• discourage the organization of new territories

• prevent border disputes between states

• Limited government interference in business

• Prices determined by supply and demand

• Private owners receive the profits

Which type of economy is best described by these characteristics?

• Subsistence farming

• Free enterprise

• Mercantilism

• Socialism

How did the free enterprise system MOST benefit industrial development in the first half of the 1800s?

• By allowing entrepreneurs to raise money and invest in companies

• By establishing quotas on immigrants

• By providing safe working conditions for factory workers

• By encouraging the government to put taxes on businesses

During the early 1800s many young women in New England were employed outside their homes as —

• crew members on cargo ships

• cloth weavers in textile mills

• staff reporters for local newspapers

• legal counselors in state courts

Which of these was an effect of the Industrial Revolution on U.S. women in the early nineteenth century?

• Women in unions gained bargaining power with employers.

• The government passed laws to improve safety for women in the workplace

• Women seeking work migrated from rural communities to cities.

• State governments called conventions in support of women’s suffrage.

What was one major effect of the opening of the Erie Canal?

• The cost of shipping goods on eastern roads increased.

• The number of ships passing through northern ports decreased.

• The cost of shipping goods from the Midwest decreased.

• The volume of trade passing through southern ports increased.

What was one major effect of the Erie Canal on the United States in the early nineteenth century?

• The rapid growth of cities in the Northeast

• A rise in cotton exports to the United Kingdom

• An increase in the cost of shipping goods to Europe

• A decrease in trade between settlers and American Indians

The completion of the Erie Canal played a key role in which development?

• New York City becoming a vital commercial center with the country’s busiest seaport

• New Orleans becoming a leader in manufacturing and overseas trade

• Washington, D.C., becoming the cultural and political center of the nation

• Boston becoming one of the country’s largest transportation hubs

Which box lists some results of improved steamboat technology in the United States as of the mid-1830s?

• • The price of fares decreased.

  • The tourist industry developed.

  • The cost to transport goods decreased.

• • The price of coal increased.

  • Roads were built to connect rivers.

  • The need for Conestoga wagons was eliminated

• • Traffic on the Mississippi River increased.

  • Canals stopped being built in the Northeast.

  • More goods were shipped from the North to the South.

• • New states were added to the Union.

  • The population of major cities decreased.

  • Support for Manifest Destiny grew stronger.

How did the growth of the railway system during the nineteenth century affect the U.S. economy?

• By helping expand the commercial markets of U.S. companies

• By making it easier for people in rural areas to work in urban factories

• By helping strengthen the economic ties between U.S. and British companies

• By permitting faster communication between corporate leaders and their employees