Transcription and Translation Practice

Which of the following is a difference between DNA and RNA?

• DNA is single-stranded; RNA is double-stranded.

• DNA has ribose sugar; RNA has deoxyribose sugar

• DNA is found in animals; RNA is found in plants

• DNA has Thymine (T); RNA has Uracil (U)

Answer explanation

DNA is double-stranded, has deoxyribose, and has T.

RNA is single-stranded, has ribose, and has U

Select the true statement about DNA and RNA's complementary pairs.

• DNA A is complementary to RNA U

• DNA T is complementary to RNA U

• DNA G is complementary to RNA G

• DNA A is complementary to RNA T

Answer explanation

Notice in the picture that:

1) A is complementary to U

2) T is copmlementary to A

3) G and C are complmentary

Find the mRNA sequence using the template DNA sequence:

AAT

• TAA

• TTA

• UUA

• TTU

Answer explanation

Which of the following is true about the location of transcription?

• Transcription takes place in the nucleus

• Transcription takes place in the cytoplasm

• Transcription takes place in the ribosome

Answer explanation

The first step is Transcription, which happens in the nucleus.

Given the following DNA sequence, find the complementary mRNA sequence:

TAC-GCA-TGG

• AAU-GCG-AUC 

• AUG-CGA-UCC 

• TAC-GCA-TGG 

• UAC-GCA-UGG 

Find the mRNA sequence using the template DNA sequence:

TGC

• UCG

• ACG

• TGC

• CGU

Answer explanation

Where does translation take place?

• Translation takes place in the ribosome

• Translation takes place in the lysosome

• Translation takes place in the nucleus

• Translation takes place in the Golgi body

Answer explanation

The second step of protein synthesis, translation, takes place in the ribosome.

Find the amino acid coded by codon below:

AUG

• Met

• Ile

• Ala

• Glu

Answer explanation

Use the table to locate the 3 letter mRNA sequence (codon)

Notice AUG is in red, coding for "Met"

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Find the amino acid coded by codon below:

GCG

• Met

• Ile

• Ala

• Glu

Answer explanation

Use the table to locate the 3 letter mRNA sequence (codon)

CCU-AAG-AAA 

Which of the following is the amino acid sequence based off the mRNA strand? 

• Pro-Ala-Ile

• Met-Arg-Ser

• Leu-Ser-Tyr

• Pro-Lys-Lys

Answer explanation

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1