Chemistry of Hydrosphere

The percentage occurrence of the earth’s water in glaciers and ice caps is about

• 30.1%

• 68.7%

• 96.5%

• .  2.75%

The greater concentration of electrons around the nucleus of the oxygen than around the hydrogen is due to its

• polarity

• electronegativity

• bond length

• atomic radius

The critical temperature and pressure of water

•  0 K, 1 atm         

• 273 K, 1 atm

• 647 K, 218 atm

• 647^oC, 218 atm

It is a special mix of temperature and pressure where the difference between liquid and gas ceases to exist.

• Critical point

• Saturation point

• melting point

• boiling point

Specific heat is a water quality which is important for several reasons except:

•  It regulates the rate at which air temperature changes

• Aquatic organisms face less temperature variation than terrestrial organisms.

• The structure of liquid water changes at high pressures.

• Water is used in cooling systems found in cars and industrial plants.

This is a result of the tendency of water molecules to attract to one another, or cohere, at the surface of any accumulation of water.

• Surface tension

• Heat capacity

• Heat capacity

• density

Yellow wavelengths are absorbed in about

•  First meter

• First 10 meters

• first 20 meters

• first 30 meters

Sound travels faster in water compared with air

• because water particles are packed in more densely

• Because of the visible wavelength of the sunlight

• Because of the attraction of water molecules to another substance

• None of the above

Which of the following is an example of point source of water pollution?

• Flooding during rainy season which carries waste deposits into our waters.

• oil spillage

• pesticides

• Industrial waste is dumped into our waters.

A water contaminant which is a sediment or organic material suspended in the water of lakes, rivers, and streams from soil erosion.

• Physical

• Chemical

• biological

• organic