Immune System Review

The healthy human immune system responds to pathogens with both specific and nonspecific processes. Which of the following models represents a nonspecific response?

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What is the term for a strong response to a harmless antigen in the environment?

• An allergy

• Cell-mediated immunity

• An autoimmune disease

• Inflammatory response

An immune response that occurs in the human body is shown above. This activity helps to do which of the following?

• Produce antibiotics to control disease

• Provide protection against a specific pathogen

• Provide protection against all types of pathogens

• Eliminate harmful gene alterations

After an initial infection, B-cells recognize the measles virus. How is this helpful in human immune response?

• The B-cells use this recognition to defend the body against other pathogens, such as bacteria.

• The B-cells more quickly recognize and respond to any other virus that invades the body.

• The B-cells produce antibodies more quickly if the measles virus is encountered again.

• The B-cells transfer this recognition to T-cells, which will then devour the viruses.

What is the body's first line (non-specific) of defense against infection by foreign organisms?

• antibodies

• lymph nodes

• white blood cells

• the skin

White blood cells are an important part of the human immune response. Two types of white blood cells, neutrophils and macrophages, act as phagocytes. Phagocytes perform which of the following functions in the human body?

• They produce antibodies.

• They bind to antigens and develop into plasma cells

• They form a barrier against pathogens.

• They engulf and destroy bacteria

 Like all other body systems, the immune system helps the body maintain homeostasis.  Which statement best describes how the immune system does this?  

• it protects other organs and tissues from infection and disease
• it breaks down food to provide cells with nutrients
• it gathers information through the senses and controls all other body systems
•  it transports oxygen and carbon dioxide

What do scientists call bacteria and viruses that can make people sick?  

• diseases
• vaccines
• antibodies
• pathogens

Diseases are passed from human to human by these four types of pathogens:

• Viruses, influenza, HIV, and vaccines

• Viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites

• Viruses, cancers, mutagens, and DNA

• Viruses, blood, pollutants, and symptoms

Which answer best describes how infectious diseases get transmitted (passed on)?  

• people can sneeze or cough and pass disease on through the air
• drinking water can be contaminated with diseases
• objects such as doorknobs and towels can be contaminated by disease
• all of the above answers are ways that diseases are transmitted